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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Microbiol. 2011 Jul 28;81(5):1190–1204. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07742.x

Figure 1. The CpxAR two component system.

Figure 1

A) Activation of CpxR by the cytoplasmic membrane sensor kinase CpxA. OM, outer membrane; IM, inner membrane. Upon activation by diverse extracytoplasmic signals (thunderbolt), CpxA autophosphorylates on a conserved histidine residue (H), using ATP as its phosphoryl donor. Phospho-CpxA then acts as a phosphoryl donor to the response regulator CpxR, which autophosphorylates on the conserved aspartate residue (D51). By homology to OmpR, phosphorylation of CpxR is predicted to expose the DNA-binding domain, thus promoting the binding of CpxR to its target genes (Pogliano et al., 1997, De Wulf et al., 2002).