Table 4.
Treatment group | Luminal epithelial (LE) cell height (μm) (n = 200 values/group) | Stromal thickness (μm) (n = 140–180 values/group) | Myometrial thickness (μm) (n = 140–180 values/group) | Glandular circumference (μm) (n = 162–181 values/group) | Gland count in 200× field (n = 40 values/group) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control (21) | 13.6 ± 1.9 | 173.4 ± 55.9 | 123.2 ± 28.5 | 109.7 ± 18.5 | 14.4 ± 4.4 |
S-(−)equol (21) | 13.5 ± 1.6 | 213.8 ± 67.0c | 123.1 ± 38.9 | 116.6 ± 18.6b | 12.2 ± 3.9d |
R-(+)equol (21) | 14.0 ± 1.8a | 227.5 ± 63.3c | 136.4 ± 32.3c | 115.2 ± 17.7a | 13.7 ± 5.0 |
Control (50) | 20.0 ± 3.3 | 620.7 ± 169 | 305.6 ± 88 | 169.3 ± 31 | 21.8 ± 7.6 |
S-(−)equol (50) | 21.2 ± 4.2b | 690.1 ± 187c | 310.0 ± 91 | 173.0 ± 29 | 23.2 ± 7.2 |
R-(+)equol (50) | 19.9 ± 2.8 | 662.0 ± 187d | 280.9 ± 78a | 173.8 ± 30 | 22.3 ± 6.8 |
p ≤ 0.02 R-(+)equol increased LE height and gland circumference, reduced myometrium compared to control.
p ≤ 0.004 S-(+)equol increased LE height and gland circumference compared to controls.
p < 0.0001 S-(−)equol/R-(+)equol treated pups had greater stromal or myometrial thickness than control pups.
p ≤ 0.05 R-(+)equol greater stromal thickness, S-(−)equol lower uterine gland count than control pups.