Table 2.
The Adjusted Association of Vitamin D with Black-White Differences in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)a
| Controlb | Black-White Difference in Mean SBP (mm Hg) | Change in Black-White Difference in SBP Associated with 25(OH)D (95% Confidence Interval) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Without 25(OH)D (95% Confidence Interval) | With 25(OH)D (95% Confidence Interval) | ||
| None | 3.28 (2.31–4.26) | 1.69 (0.45–2.93) | 67.5% (47.5–87.4) |
| Age, sex | 5.19 (4.28–6.10) | 3.91 (2.78–5.03) | 24.7% (11.0–38.5) |
| +SES/Social (% poverty, education and marital status – married/partnered or not) | 4.65 (3.63–5.67) | 3.32 (2.16–4.48) | 28.5% (13.4–43.7) |
| +Health and health care (self rated health, insurance, regular source of medical care, number of medications) | 4.43 (3.42–5.45) | 3.19 (2.01–4.36) | 28.1% (12.0–44.3) |
| + Behavioral risk factors (BMI, physical activity, smoking, cotinine, alcohol, sodium intake, potassium intake, calcium intake) | 3.56 (2.50–4.62) | 2.56 (1.28–3.84) | 28.1% (5.6–50.5) |
| +Biomarkers (a1c, CRP, albumin) | 3.99 (2.91–5.07) | 2.94 (1.63–4.24) | 26.5% (6.8–46.2) |
a Values (differences in SBP in mm Hg) are derived from linear regression models
bEach of the models sequentially adds the additional controls listed