Table 2.

Males: concentration and mobility indices for Scotland and England & Wales.

		Mortality treated as a form of attrition using IPWs		Mortality explicitly accounted for in the decomposition
		Scotland	England & Wales	Scotland	England & Wales	Scotland-E&W differences
Mean health 1999	${\overline{h}}_s^A/{\overline{h}}_s$	0.816***	0.825***	0.817***	0.822***	−0.00559
Mean health 2004 (including the dead)	${\overline{h}}_f$	–	–	0.778***	0.767***	0.0105
Mean health 2004 (excluding the dead)	${\overline{h}}_f^A$	0.823***	0.815***	0.829***	0.820***	0.00882*
Mean income 1999	${\overline{y}}_s^A/{\overline{y}}_s$	22.6***	23.9***	22.6***	23.8***	−1.19
Mean income 2004 (excluding the dead)	${\overline{y}}_f^A$	27.7***	28.3***	28.3***	28.8***	−0.513
Concentration index 1999	$C{I}_{ss}^A/C{I}_{ss}$	0.0198***	0.0153***	0.0198***	0.0175***	0.00237
Concentration index 2004	$C{I}_{ff}^A$	0.0243***	0.0232***	0.0227***	0.0216***	0.00011
Change in concentration index	$\Delta CI$	0.00445	0.00792***	0.00284	0.00413***	−0.00129
Income-related health mobility	$M_H^A/M_H$	0.00155	−0.00382***	−0.0179***	−0.0257***	0.00784
Income-related morbidity mobility	$M_H^{MB}$	–	–	0.000833	−0.00325***	0.00408
Income-related mortality mobility	$M_H^{MT}$	–	–	−0.0187***	−0.0225***	0.00376
Progressivity index	P	0.192	0.310***	0.355***	0.357***	0.00178
Morbidity progressivity	PMB	–	–	0.173	0.249***	−0.0763
Mortality progressivity	PMT	–	–	0.339***	0.381***	−0.0415
Scale factor	q	0.00807	−0.0123***	−0.0504***	−0.0721***	0.0217*
Morbidity scale factor	qMB	–	–	0.00458	−0.0121***	0.0167***
Mortality scale factor	qMT	–	–	−0.0525***	−0.0551***	0.00254
Health-related income mobility	$M_R^A/M_R$	0.00600***	0.00410***	−0.0151**	−0.0216***	0.00655
Due to income re-ranking of those still alive	$M_R^{MB}$	–	–	0.00687***	0.00442***	0.00244
Due to income re-ranking as the dead drop-out	$M_R^{MT}$	–	–	−0.0219***	−0.0260***	0.00410

The “Mortality treated as a form of attrition using IPWs” statistics use sample weights that are derived on the basis that death is just another form of attrition whereas “Mortality accounted for explicitly in the decomposition “statistics use sample weights where death is not treated as a form of attrition and instead explicitly accounted for in the decomposition. The lower and upper 95% bootstrapped percentile confidence intervals from 2000 replications can be found in the working paper version (Petrie et al., 2010). Income is measured in thousands of pounds. Note that when the deaths are excluded and just treated as attrition this places greater weight on those remaining individuals who were poor and sick in 1999 compared to when deaths are explicitly included in the analysis. Death is assumed to have a QALY weight of zero.

^*Significant at 10% level.

^**Significant at 5% level.

^***Significant at 1% level.