Table IV. Key postmortem findings concerning the major transmitter systems implicated in schizophrenia. AMPA: amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isQxazole propionic acid; DA: dopamine; FC: frontal cortex; GABA: γ-aminobutyric acid; HC: hippocampus; 5-HT: serotonin; LSD: lysergic acid diethylamine; NMDA: W-rrethyl-D-aspartate.

Transmitter	Main postmortem findings	Other supporting evidence
Dopamine	- Increased density of D2 receptors	- DA releasing agents produce psychosis
	- Decreased cortical DA Innervation	- All antipsychotics are D2 receptor antagonists
	- Increased D4-llke receptor binding	- Increased striatal DA release in vivo
	- Alterations in D3 receptor splicing
Gultamate	- Decreased presynaptic makers	- NMDA receptor antagonists produce schizophrenia-like psychosis
	- Decreased HC AMPA and kainate receptor expression	- Roles of NMDA receptors in development and neurotoxicity
	- Minor changes in FC NMDA receptor subunits
	- Altered glutamate fibers in cingulate cortex	- Partial NMDA receptor agonists have some therapeutic benefit
5-HT	- Decreased FC 5-HT2A receptor expression	- 5-HT2 agonists (eg, LSD) are psychotominmetic
	- Increased FC 5-HT1A receptors	- 5-HT2 receptors polymorphisms associated with schizophernia and clozapine response
	- Increased 5-HT transporter affinity
	- Developmental and trophic roles of 5-HT	- Atypical antipsychotics have high affinity for several 5-HT receptors
GABA	- Decreased density of FC GABAergic terminals	- Roles of GABA in stress and neurotoxicity
	- Increased GABAA receptor in limbic areas
	- Altered expression of FC GABAA receptor subunits
	Decreased FC expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase
	- Altered density of cingulte GABAergic cells