Table 2.
Multilevel linear model for life satisfaction score, ML estimates (se)
| Fixed effects | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constant | 7.65 (0.05) | 7.65 (0.05) | 7.77 (0.05) | 7.74 (0.05) | 7.79 (0.05) | |
| Sex (Ref: Male) | Female | −0.22 (0.02) | −0.22 (0.02) | −0.22 (0.02) | −0.18 (0.02) | −0.18 (0.02) |
| Age | −0.14 (0.02) | −0.13 (0.02) | −0.13 (0.02) | −0.13 (0.02) | ||
| Family Structure (Ref: Both parents) | Single Parent | −0.47 (0.02) | −0.36 (0.02) | −0.35 (0.02) | ||
| Step Family | −0.44 (0.03) | −0.42 (0.03) | −0.42 (0.03) | |||
| Other | −0.95 (0.07) | −0.87 (0.07) | −0.86 (0.07) | |||
| Transformed FASa | 0.87 (0.03) | 0.85 (0.03) | ||||
| Square of Transformed FASa | −0.71 (0.11) | |||||
| Random effects parameters | ||||||
| Level 1 (child) variance | 3.354 (0.020) | 3.353 (0.020) | 3.311 (0.020) | 3.256 (0.020) | 3.253 (0.020) | |
| Level 2 (school) variance | 0.104 (0.008) | 0.104 (0.008) | 0.099 (0.008) | 0.096 (0.007) | 0.096 (0.007) | |
| Level 3 (stratum) variance | 0.010 (0.004) | 0.009 (0.004) | 0.008 (0.004) | 0.011 (0.004) | 0.012 (0.004) | |
| Level 4 (country) variance | 0.096 (0.025) | 0.092 (0.024) | 0.092 (0.024) | 0.087 (0.023) | 0.088 (0.023) | |
| Pseudo-R square of model | 0.004 | 0.005 | 0.018 | 0.035 | 0.036 | |
| −2logLikelihood | 237,833.9 | 237,799.2 | 237,028.6 | 236,048.7 | 236,003.7 | |
| Number of parameters | 2 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
| AIC | 237,837.9 | 237,805.2 | 237,040.6 | 236,062.7 | 236,019.7 | |
Via iterative generalized least squares (IGLS)
a FAS standardised using ridit transformation and centred