Table 3.
Associations between pre-cART co-infections and percentage of activated CD8 T cells (CD8+ CD38+ HLA-DR+), by univariate and multivariate linear regression (n = 130), Mozambique*
| Factor | Crude difference† | 95% CI | P | Adjusted difference† | 95% CI | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-cART baseline factors | ||||||
| CD4 cells | −4.39 | –10.28 to 1.49 | 0.142 | |||
| HIV RNA | 23.23 | 12.48–33.99 | < 0.0001 | 25.11 | 14.53–35.68 | < 0.0001 |
| WHO status | 3.39 | –2.43 to 9.20 | 0.251 | |||
| BMI | 5.94 | 0.29–11.58 | 0.039 | |||
| Co-infections (+ vs. –) | ||||||
| HBV | −2.16 | –9.68 to 5.35 | 0.570 | |||
| HCV | 3.01 | –7.80 to 13.82 | 0.583 | |||
| KSHV | 1.25 | –3.90 to 6.41 | 0.631 | |||
| HTLV-I/II | 7.80 | –0.48 to 16.08 | 0.065 | 7.08 | –0.57 to 14.73 | 0.070 |
| Syphilis | 7.61 | –1.28 to 16.49 | 0.093 | 11.20 | 2.93–19.48 | 0.008 |
| Pf malaria | −1.12 | –12.62 to 10.37 | 0.847 | |||
| Tuberculosis | 4.71 | –0.89 to 10.30 | 0.098 | |||
Values are CD4 cell counts ≥ 200 vs. < 200 cells/mL; HIV RNA ≥ 5 log10 vs. < 5 log10 copies/mL; BMI ≤ 18.5 vs. > 18.5; WHO status III/IV vs. I/II. cART = combined antiretroviral therapy; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; WHO = World Health Organization; BMI = body mass index; HBV = hepatitis B virus; HCV = hepatitis C vírus, KSHV = Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus; HTLV = Human T cell lymphotropic virus; Pf = Plasmodium falciparum.
The difference in percent activated CD8 T cells refers to the regression coefficient in linear regression analysis. Adjusted difference refers to the multivariable model including those variables with univariate P < 0.10 entered into a forward stepwise model. Final adjustment includes the variables appearing in the multivariate model (HIV RNA, HTLV-I/II, syphilis).