Table 4.
Associations between pre-cART co-infections and percentage of activated CD4 T cells (CD4+ CD38+ HLA-DR+), by univariate and multivariate linear regression (n = 130), Mozambique*
| Factor | Crude difference† | 95% CI | P | Adjusted difference† | 95% CI | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-cART baseline factors | ||||||
| CD4 cells | −13.27 | –20.77 to −5.77 | 0.001 | −11.06 | –18.53 to −3.58 | 0.004 |
| HIV RNA | 19.71 | 4.92–34.49 | 0.009 | 18.51 | 3.90–33.13 | 0.013 |
| WHO status | 1.17 | –6.55 to 8.87 | 0.767 | |||
| BMI | 0.54 | –7.12 to 8.19 | 0.890 | |||
| Co-infections (+ vs. –) | ||||||
| HBV | −1.35 | –11.29 to 8.60 | 0.789 | |||
| HCV | −0.76 | –15.06 to 13.55 | 0.917 | |||
| KSHV | 1.43 | –5.38 to 8.25 | 0.678 | |||
| HTLV-I/II | 4.73 | –6.32 to 15.79 | 0.399 | |||
| Syphilis | 11.30 | –0.41 to 23.01 | 0.058 | 12.60 | 1.37– 23.84 | 0.028 |
| Pf malaria | 0.20 | –14.97 to 15.38 | 0.979 | |||
| Tuberculosis | 1.41 | –6.02 to 8.90 | 0.704 | |||
Values are CD4 cell counts ≥ 200 vs. < 200 cells/mL; HIV RNA ≥ 5 log10 vs. < 5 log10 copies/mL; BMI ≤ 18.5 vs. > 18.5; WHO status III/IV vs. I/II. cART = combined antiretroviral therapy; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; WHO = World Health Organization; BMI = body mass index; HBV = hepatitis B virus; HCV = hepatitis C vírus, KSHV = Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus; HTLV = human T cell lymphotropic virus; Pf = Plasmodium falciparum.
The difference in percent activated CD8 T cells refers to the regression coefficient in linear regression analysis. Adjusted difference refers to the multivariable model including those variables with univariate P < 0.10 entered into a forward stepwise model. Final adjustment includes the variables appearing in the multivariate model (HIV RNA, HTLV-I/II, syphilis).