Table 5. Inbreeding effect on the germination time of each seed (mixed effect ANCOVA model).

	Num d.f.	Den d.f.	F	P-value
Fixed effects and covariates
Block	3	527	0.89	0.4462	NS
Zone	2	15	4.15	0.0368	*
Generation	2	15	0.18	0.8407	NS
Probability of selfing (p.self)	1	527	7.28	0.0072	**
Generation × p.self	2	527	6.31	0.0020	**
Selfing effect within each generation	Estimate		95% Confidence interval
p.self within G0	−1.010		[−1.440; −0.581]
p.self within G1	0.053		[−0.392; +0.497]		NS
p.self within G2	−0.151		[−0.672; +0.370]		NS
Variance components	s.d. estimate		95% Confidence interval
Among progenies (at p.self=0)	0.583		[0.397; 0.856]
Residual	0.769		[0.724; 0.817]

The covariate p.self is the probability of each seed being selfed, which provides an estimate of inbreeding depression. The random variation among progenies includes variation of genetic values of the mother trees and maternal effects.

^*P<0.05; ^**P<0.01.