Table 1. Genetic parameters (±s.e.) for the length measurements and lateral plates for the two sexes: heritability (h²), additive genetic variance (V_A), maternal variance (V_M) and residual variance (V_R).

Trait	rA	h2SD	Sex	h2	VA (all values × 10−3)	VM (all values × 10−9, except*= × 10−3)	VR (all values × 10−3)
Caudal peduncle	0.96±NA	0.04	Females	0.46±0.08	1.28±0.26	0.28±0.031	1.48±0.17
			Males	0.49±0.09	1.21±0.27	3.47±0.49	1.27±0.18
Dorsal fin	0.92±0.08	0.17	Females	0.69±0.09	3.05±0.56	0.09±0.020	1.40±0.31
			Males	0.69±0.09	2.33±0.46	0.07±0.019	1.04±0.26
Dorsal spine1	0.98±0.03	0.04	Females	0.66±0.09	1.35±0.25	1.10±0.23	0.69±0.14
			Males	0.72±0.10	1.24±0.24	0.02±0.007	0.48±0.14
Dorsal spine2	0.99±0.08	0.02	Females	0.63±0.09	1.16±0.22	0.02±0.004	0.69±0.13
			Males	0.69±0.10	1.08±0.22	0.02±0.006	0.49±0.12
Head depth	1.00±NAa	0.09	Females	0.47±0.08	0.37±0.08	0.02±0.003	0.41±0.05
			Males	0.70±0.10	0.66±0.13	0.01±0.003	0.28±0.08
Head length	0.80±0.08	0.16	Females	0.41±0.07	0.84±0.17	0.06±0.006	1.19±0.12
			Males	0.51±0.09	1.10±0.24	0.04±0.007	1.07±0.16
Body depth	0.90±0.09	0.28	Females	0.78±0.09	0.87±0.16	0.79±0.28	0.24±0.09
			Males	0.76±0.10	1.03±0.20	0.02±0.007	0.32±0.11
Jaw length	0.95±0.14	0.08	Females	0.44±0.07	0.20±0.04	0.01±0.001	0.26±0.03
			Males	0.56±0.09	0.29±0.06	0.01±0.002	0.23±0.04
Pelvis length	0.91±0.23	0.07	Females	0.48±0.08	1.33±0.28	3.18±0.38	1.43±0.17
			Males	0.22±0.20	0.59±0.54	2.7*±2.5*	1.84±0.30
Snout length	0.93±<0.0001	0.05	Females	0.46±0.08	0.33±0.07	0.02±0.003	0.38±0.04
			Males	0.57±0.09	0.49±0.11	0.01±0.002	0.37±0.06
Standard length	0.94±<0.0001	0.04	Females	0.38±0.20	35.5±19.6	65.9*±82.0*	50.2±10.3
			Males	0.42±0.24	36.5±21.7	64.6*±91.8*	44.2±11.4
Lateral plates	0.99±<0.0001	0.01	Females	0.26±0.20	95.6±77.1	5.18*±3.7*	0.02±0.004
			Males	0.27±0.23	10.6±8.9	5.31*±4.3*	0.02±0.005

Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.

^aModel did not converge for this estimate.

Values that significantly differ between the sexes are shown in bold. Note that the lengths were measured in centimetres.