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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Urology. 2011 Jun 21;78(4):895–901. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.04.027

Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate analysis of characteristics associated with the prescription of prophylactic antibiotics for prenatally-detected hydronephrosis.

N(%)a Univariate OR
(95% CI)
Multivariate OR
(95% CI)
P
Valueb
Years in practice
    0–15 126(52.5) Referentc Referent
    >15 114(47.5) 1.17 (0.7–2.0) 1.37 (0.8–2.5) 0.3
No. of cases encountered per year
    0–5 179(75.5) Referent Referent
    ≥6 58(24.5) 1.50 (0.8–2.8) 1.29 (0.6–2.6) 0.7
Geographic region
    Northeast 59(25.7) Referent Referent
    Midwest 36(15.1) 1.31 (0.6–3.1) 1.67 (0.6–4.4) 0.3
    South 72(30.1) 0.87 (0.4–1.8) 1.06 (0.5–2.3) 0.9
    West 72(30.1) 0.54 (0.3–1.1) 0.54 (0.2–1.2) 0.1
Practice type
    Non-academicd 219(90.1) Referent Referent
    Academic 22(9.1) 2.23 (0.8–5.9) 1.78 (0.6–5.5) 0.3
Belief from literature of antibiotic effect
    Not up-to-date 92(40.0) Referent Referent
    Equal benefit and harm 86(37.4) 3.04 (1.6–5.6) 3.33 (1.7–6.6) 0.001
    Beneficial 40(17.4) 6.51 (2.7–15.7) 6.06 (2.4–15.4) <.0005
    Harmful 12(5.2) 1.63 (0.5–5.4) 3.23 (0.8–12.4) 0.09
Specialist consultation readily available
    Yes 215(94.9) Referent Referent
    No 14(6.1) 5.03 (1.1–23.0) 7.24 (1.3–38.9) 0.02
a

Total n may not always sum to 244 as all respondents did not answer all questions

b

P values refer to the multivariate analysis results. All p values <.05 on multivariate analysis were also found to be <.05 on univariate analysis

c

”Referent” indicates reference group to which other groups are compared in calculating odds ratios

d

Non-academic includes private practice, community clinic, hospital-based, managed care, and other