Relative mRNA expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, 2α, and 3α (HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and HIF-3α, respectively) in the neonatal ovine lung. Exposure to ethanol in utero reduces mRNA expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in the lungs of preterm (PT) lambs when compared with the control lambs of the same age group. Such changes are not observed in the lungs of full-term (FT) lambs exposed to ethanol in utero. No significant changes are seen with HIF-3α mRNA expression levels in both PT and FT lambs (*P < .1, significance was established at 90% confidence interval).