Table 1.
Clinical characteristics.
| Patients (n = 41) | Controls (n = 41) | P values | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 55.9 ± 11.0 | 55.4 ± 9.0 | NS |
| Female, n (%) | 33 (80%) | 33 (80%) | NS |
| History of CVD, n (%) | 4 (9%) | 0 | NS |
| Family history of CVD, n (%) | 9 (22%) | 13 (32%) | NS |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 2 (5%) | 0 | NS |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.9 (4.3–5.4) | 5.6 (5.3–6.2) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.1 (21.1–25.3) | 25.0 (22.2–27.1) | 0.019 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 80 (67–93) | 77 (59-84) | NS |
| Creatinine clearance (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 78 ± 23 | 87 ± 14 | NS |
| Current smoking | 3 (7%) | 0 | NS |
| Blood pressure | |||
| Systolic (mm Hg) | 120 (11–138) | 128 (118–140) | NS |
| Diastolic (mm Hg) | 75 (70–80) | 78 (72–87) | 0.023 |
| Antihypertensive or vasodilating agents | 33 (80%) | 1 (2%) | <0.001 |
| ACE inhibitors or ATII receptor blockers | 14 (34) | 1 (2%) | <0.001 |
| Lipid levels | |||
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 5.8 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 (1.2–2.2) | 1.7 (1.4–2.0) | 0.025 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.5 ± 0.8 | 0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.4 (1.2–2.2) | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 0.035 |
| Statin use | 7 (17%) | 0 | 0.012 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 18 (44) | 19 (46) | NS |
| Aspirin use | 12 (29%) | 0 | <0.001 |
| SCORE, % | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | NS |
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.4 (1.6–7.7) | 1.5 (0.6–2.5) | <0.001 |
Unless stated otherwise, data are expressed as mean ± SD when normally distributed and as median (25–75%) when nonnormally distributed.
CVD: cardiovascular disease; BMI: body mass index; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; ATII: angiotensin II; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; SCORE: systematic coronary risk evaluation; CRP: C-reactive protein.