Complex enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically as described in Methods. All activity results are the average of 4 assays from the pooled samples ± SEM for each age group. Citrate synthase activities were used to normalize mitochondrial proteins. Activities for young (4-5 months), middle-aged (10-12 months), and old (20-26 months) WT and dwarf quadriceps ETC CI-CV are plotted as following. (A) CI activity. Coefficients of variance for WT and dwarf were 3.2 % and 15.1% (young), 9.4% and 6.3% (middle-age), and 10.5% and 9.5% (old), respectively. (B) CII activity. Coefficients of variance for WT and dwarf were 1.9% and 5.7% (young), 7.2% and 5.9% (middle-age), and 12.9% and 5.8% (old), respectively. (C) CIII activity. Coefficients of variance for WT and dwarf were 8% and 13.9% (young), 4.6% and 9.4% (middle-age), and 3.6% and 8.7% (old), respectively. (D) CIV activity. Coefficients of variance for WT and dwarfs were 5.9% and 6.9% (young), 4.6% and 9.5% (middle-age), and 10.5% and 8.7% (old), respectively. (E) CV activity. Coefficients of variance for WT and dwarfs were 6.5% and 5.1% (young), 10.2% and 13% (middle-age), and 11.6% and 8% (old), respectively. * - p<0.05 compared to young, ** - p<0.001 compared to young, † - p<0.05 compared to middle-aged, ‡ - p<0.05 compared to WT, and ‡‡ - p<0.001 compared to WT.