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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Aug 18;1812(11):1359–1370. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.08.005

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Factors that are responsible for causing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Genetic mutations in amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1 and presenilin 2 cause early-onset familial AD. Genetic variants in sortilin related receptor 1, clusterin, complement component receptor 1, CD2AP, CD33, EPHA1, &MS4A4/MS4A6E genes contribute to late-onset AD, in addition to ApoE 4/4 genotype. Aging, lifestyle activities and oxidative DNA damage are major contributing factors for the development of AD.