TABLE II.
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (bclc) staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc)a
| bclc stage | Tumour stage | cp class | ecog ps | Recommended therapy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very early (0) | 1 hcc < 2 cm | A | 0 |  |
Resection Transplantation rfa |
| Early (A) | 1 hcc < 5 cm or 3 nodules < 3 cm | A or B | 0 | ||
| Intermediate (B) | Multinodular | A or B | 0 | tace | |
| Advanced (C) | Portal invasion, N1, M1 | A or B | 1–2 | Sorafenib | |
| End-stage (D) | Any | C | >2 | Symptomatic treatment |
a
Adapted from the 2010 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines7. Treatment options for bclc stage 0 and A are determined by the presence or absence of increased portal pressure or bilirubin (or both) with or without associated diseases.
cp = Child–Pugh; ecog = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; ps = performance status; rfa = radiofrequency ablation; tace = transarterial chemoembolization; N1 = nodes; M1 = metastasis.