Table 3. Summary of pairwise QG relatedness. Relatedness and proportions of permutations were calculated separately for each shoal and the mean and s.d. across shoals are reported.

Population	Mean pairwise relatedness r (QG) within shoals ±s.d.	Proportion of permutations in which observed mean relatedness within shoals was exceeded ±s.d.
Paria (low predation)	0.008±0.018	0.323±0.318
Upper Aripo (low predation)	−0.004±0.032	0.438±0.319
Lower Aripo (high predation)	−0.002±0.036	0.454±0.262
Arouca (high predation)	0.007±0.035	0.407±0.305