Table 1.
Summary of patient characteristics, antibiotic prophylaxis, and outcomes for each surgical discipline
| Characteristica | Value for: |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorectal surgery (n = 50) | Neurosurgery (n = 67) | Orthopedic surgery (n = 99) | Summary (n = 216) | |
| Median patient age (range) in yr | 63 (29–95) | 49 (15–85) | 61 (19–84) | 60 (15–95) |
| Male | 28 (56) | 40 (60) | 38 (38) | 106 (49) |
| ASA score of ≥3b | 16 (32) | 25 (37) | 23 (23) | 64 (30) |
| Type of surgery (no. of patients) | Colectomy (22), anterior resection (19), others (8) | Craniotomy (26), spinal surgery (16), aneurysm repair (7) | Knee replacement (61), spinal surgery (25), arthroplasty (13) | |
| Median length of surgery (range) in min | 155 (35–440) | 185 (50–690) | 175 (60–655) | 170 (35–690) |
| Drains | ||||
| No. of patients | 13 (26) | 39 (58) | 76 (77) | 128 (59) |
| Median duration in situ (range) in days | 3 (1–32) | 1 (1–59) | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–59) |
| Prophylactic antibiotic (no. of patients) | Ceftriaxone + metronidazole (37), cefazolin + metronidazole (6), ciprofloxacin + metronidazole (5), others (2) | Cefazolin (60), vancomycin (4), others (3) | Cefazolin (61), cefazolin + gentamicin/ciprofloxacin (30), vancomycin +/− gentamicin (8) | |
| Antibiotics | ||||
| No. given for ≤24 h | 23 (46) | 58 (87) | 15 (15) | 96 (44) |
| Median (range) in days | 1 (0–8) | 1 (0–32) | 3 (0–9) | 2 (0–32) |
| Appropriate choice/dose | 6 (12) | 64 (96) | 68 (69) | 138 (64) |
| Timed correctly | 41 (82) | 54 (81) | 85 (86) | 180 (83) |
| Supplemented correctly | 0/2 (0) | 8/23 (35) | 27/77 (35) | 35/102 (34) |
| No. with normoglycemia (≤200mg/dl)/no. of diabetic patients | 0/8 (0) | 4/13 (31) | 3/20 (15) | 7/41 (17) |
| Normothermia (≥36.0°C) | 33 (66) | 47 (70) | 91 (92) | 171 (79) |
| No. of SSIs | 6 (12) | 1 (1.5) | 11 (11.1) | 18 (8.3) |
| Median hospital stay (range) in days | 8 (1–42) | 11 (1–97) | 6 (1–91) | 7 (1–97) |
| No. of positive cultures | 6 | 13 | 3 | 22 |
| Multidrug-resistant organisms | 5 (83) | 6 (46) | 2 (67) | 13 (59) |
a
Number (percentage in parentheses) shown unless otherwise specified.
b
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.