Table 7.

Joint association of red-meat intake, meat-derived mutagen exposure, and smoking status with polyp risk, the Tennessee Colorectal Polyp Study (TCPS), 2003–2010.

	OR (95% CI)1 for polyps
Intake tertiles	All polyps (N=2,543)			All adenomas (N=1,881)			HPP (N=662)
	Never smoker	Former smoker	Current smoker	Never smoker	Former smoker	Current smoker	Never smoker	Former smoker	Current smoker
N2 cases/controls	906/2005	938/1282	695/472	709/2005	686/1282	484/472	197/2005	252/1282	211/472
Red meat (g/day)3
<22.7	1.0 (reference)	1.4 (1.1–1.7)	3.1 (2.3–4.3)	1.0 (reference)	1.4 (1.1–1.7)	2.8 (1.9–4.0)	1.0 (reference)	1.5 (1.0–2.2)	3.9 (2.4–6.3)
22.7–61.9	1.2 (1.0–1.5)	1.7 (1.4–2.1)	3.6 (2.8–4.7)	1.2 (1.0–1.5)	1.6 (1.2–2.0)	3.0 (2.3–4.1)	1.1 (0.8–1.6)	2.2 (1.5–3.1)	5.1 (3.5–7.6)
>61.9	1.3 (1.1–1.6)	1.9 (1.5–2.3)	3.7 (2.9–4.7)	1.4 (1.1–1.7)	1.7 (1.3–2.2)	3.2 (2.5–4.2)	1.1 (0.8–1.7)	2.4 (1.7–3.4)	5.0 (3.4–7.3)
P for interaction	0.890			0.680			0.622
Mutageneity index
<4789.3	1.0 (reference)	1.3 (1.1–1.6)	2.9 (2.2–3.8)	1.0 (reference)	1.2 (1.0–1.6)	2.4 (1.7–3.3)	1.0 (reference)	1.6 (1.1–2.3)	4.3 (2.8–6.6)
4789.3–10737.7	1.2 (1.0–1.5)	1.7 (1.4–2.2)	3.6 (2.7–4.7)	1.3 (1.0–1.6)	1.6 (1.3–2.1)	3.1 (2.3–4.2)	1.0 (0.7–1.4)	2.2 (1.5–3.2)	5.0 (3.3–7.6)
>10737.7	1.2 (1.0–1.5)	1.8 (1.4–2.2)	3.9 (3.0–5.0)	1.2 (1.0–1.6)	1.7 (1.3–2.1)	3.5 (2.6–4.6)	1.3 (0.9–1.9)	2.1 (1.5–3.1)	5.0 (3.4–7.4)
P for interaction	0.481			0.333			0.825

HPP: hyperplastic polyp

¹Adjusted for age, sex, race, study sites, educational attainment, indications for colonoscopy, alcohol consumption, BMI, physical activity, regular NSAIDs use, total energy intake, and recruitment before or after colonoscopy.

²Counts may not sum to the total because of missing data.

³Includes hamburgers, cheeseburgers, beef patties/beef steaks/pork chops or ham steaks/short ribs or spareribs.