Table 1.
Participant characteristics according to self-reported reading and writing difficulties (RWD), percentages, means and standard deviations.
| Participant characteristics | RWD group (n = 725) |
Non-RWD group (n = 7, 773) |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline 1995-1997 | ||
| Male sex (%) | 63.0 | 48.8 |
| Middle school attendees (%) | 70.2 | 50.7 |
| Drunk more than 10 times (%) | 18.9 | 31.0 |
| Living situation (%) | ||
| Living with both parents | 71.5 | 71.3 |
| Living with one parent and new partner | 5.3 | 7.0 |
| Living with only mother or father | 11.2 | 10.3 |
| Living with other adults | 5.7 | 3.7 |
| Living alone | 5.0 | 5.7 |
| Living with a partner | 1.4 | 2.0 |
| Mother's educational level (%) | ||
| Primary | 17.9 | 13.7 |
| Secondary | 67.1 | 64.5 |
| Tertiary | 15.1 | 21.8 |
| Father's educational level (%) | ||
| Primary | 21.9 | 14.9 |
| Secondary | 64.6 | 62.7 |
| Tertiary | 13.5 | 22.5 |
| Having a sibling in cohort (%) | 33.7 | 35.5 |
| Complete cases (%) | 87.2 | 92.4 |
| Age - years | 15.39 (1.79) | 16.09 (1.79) |
| Somatic health - propensity score | 0.10 (0.04) | 0.09 (0.02) |
| Symptom index | 0.22 (0.15) | 0.22 (0.15) |
| Anxiety and depression - index | 0.14 (0.17) | 0.15 (0.16) |
| Conduct and attention problems - index | 0.21 (0.14) | 0.19 (0.12) |
| Status 2007 | ||
| Age - years | 26.35 (1.77) | 27.05 (1.85) |
| Follow-up time age 24-28 - years | 3.13 (1.39) | 3.66 (1.37) |
| Secondary education | ||
| Not completed age 24 (%) | 33.7 | 16.7 |
| Received long-term medical benefits | ||
| At end of follow-up (%) | 18.8 | 11.3 |
| At age 24-28 (%) | 15.0 | 8.9 |
| No secondary education age 24 (%) | 57.8 | 35.5 |
| Received any long-term social benefits | ||
| At end of follow-up (%) | 35.0 | 22.8 |
| At age 24-28 (%) | 22.8 | 15.6 |
| No secondary education age 24 (%) | 59.4 | 26.1 |