Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Lung Cancer. 2011 Jun 12;75(1):15–23. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.05.017

Table 1.

Plasma and lung concentrations of α-tocopherol (AT), ascorbic acid (AA), retinoic acid, retinol, and retinyl palmitate in ferrets from various treatment groups after 6 weeks of tobacco smoke exposure (SM) and with or without AT+AA supplementation.

Control (n=9) SM (n=9) SM+AT+AA (n=9)
Plasma
AT (μmol/L) 17.3 ± 1.2 16.9 ± 1.5 50.0 ± 3.2*
Total AA (μmol/L) 97.7 ± 6.4 99.8 ± 3.8 102.4 ± 7.0
Retinoic acid (nmol/L) 11.23 ± 0.81 9.60 ± 0.64 11.05 ± 1.11
Retinol (μmol/L) 1.69 ± 0.15 1.69 ± 0.09 1.78 ± 0.12
Retinyl palmitate (μmol/L) 4.32 ± 0.79 4.09 ± 0.58 4.52 ± 0.65
Lung tissue
AT (nmol/g tissue) 67.1 ± 17.2 43.5 ± 9.2* 64.1 ± 4.7
AA (μmol/g tissue)
 Total 1.84 ± 0.07 1.61 ± 0.07 1.71 ± 0.07
 Reduced 1.34 ± 0.07 1.07 ± 0.08* 1.19 ± 0.06
Retinoic acid (pmol/g tissue) 24.17 ± 3.89 10.52 ± 0.83* 13.80 ± 1.80
Retinol (nmol/g tissue) 0.64 ± 0.03 0.56 ± 0.03 0.58 ± 0.10
Retinyl palmitate (nmol/g tissue) 12.21 ± 2.23 10.01 ± 1.86 8.06 ± 1.15

Values are mean ± SE. One-way ANOVA and Dunnett t-test were used to compare groups with the control group. Significantly different at * P < 0. 05. Abbreviations: SM; smoke-exposure; AA, ascorbic acid; AT, α-tocopherol.