Figure 3.

The influence of the ovaries and the presence of brood on circadian rhythms in locomotor activity in queens. (a) The percentage of queens with circadian rhythms in locomotor activity during days 1–5 (Pearson χ², p = 0.02). (b) The power of circadian rhythms in locomotor activity for rhythmic bees (mean ± s.e.) during days 1–5 (Kruskal–Wallis test, p = 0.006). Numbers inside bars depict sample size. The data for 10 additional queens that laid again after their brood was removed are summarized in table 1. Other details as in figure 1.