Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of control and pathological pregnancies.
| Controls | PE-AGA | PE-FGR | P value a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 8 | 10 | 10 | |
| Maternal age at delivery (years), mean (SD) | 32.8 (4.3) | 34.5 (3.8) | 32.5 (5.3) | n.s. |
| Nulliparae, number and % | 7* (87.5) | 5* (50) | 8 (80) | *0.041 |
| Smoking mothers, number and % | 0° (0) | 2 (20) | 5° (50) | °0.036 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (Kg/m2), mean (SD) | 21.4 (2.5) | 24.2 (6.1) | 24.4 (4.7) | n.s. |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks), mean (SD) | 37.5∗° (3.2) | 30.6* (2.6) | 30.0° (2.5) | ∗°<0.001 |
| Neonatal birth weight (g), mean (SD) | 3254∗° (439) | 1360∗∧ (309) | 1001°∧ (277) | ∗°<0.001; ∧0.048 |
| Neonatal weight Z-score, mean (SD) | 0.26∗° (0.95) | −1.02∗∧ (0.30) | −2.02°∧ (0.58) | *0.018; °<0.001; ∧0.004 |
| Placental weight (g), mean (SD) | 541° (81) | 428∧ (203) | 206°∧ (58) | °<0.001; ∧0.021 |
| Placental weight/neonatal weight ratio, mean (SD) | 0.17* (0.01) | 0.31* (0.13) | 0.23 (0.10) | *0.018 |
| Gestational age at onset of PE (weeks), mean (SD) | n.a. | 29.3 (3.1) | 28.5 (3.1) | n.s. |
| Blood pressure (mmHg), mean (SD): | ||||
| Systolic | 110.9∗° (9.4) | 158.4* (6.6) | 150.0° (18.9) | ∗°<0.001 |
| Diastolic | 71.8∗° (7.5) | 96.4* (9.5) | 93.9° (9.8) | ∗°<0.001 |
| Proteinuria, number and %: | ∗° | ∗∧ | °∧ | |
| <1 g/24 h | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 (50) | |
| <5 g/24 h | 0 (0) | 7 (70) | 3 (30) | ∗°<0.001; ∧0.033 |
| ≥5 g/24 h | 0 (0) | 3 (30) | 2 (20) | |
| Umbilical arterial mean pulsatility index, mean (SD) | n.a. | 1.10 ∧ (0.17) | 2.03 ∧ (0.32) | ∧<0.001 |
| Uterine arterial mean resistance index, mean (SD) | n.a. | 0.67 ∧ (0.07) | 0.76 ∧ (0.05) | ∧0.021 |
| Patients receiving, number and %: | ||||
| Corticosteroids | 1∗° (12.5) | 9* (90) | 10° (100) | *<0.001; °0.003 |
| Antihypertensives | 0∗° (0) | 10* (100) | 10° (100) | ∗°<0.001 |
| Antibiotics | 2 (25.0) | 2 (20) | 0 (0) | n.s. |
PE: preeclampsia.
PE AGA: preeclamptic pregnancies with appropriate-for-gestational-age newborns.
PE-FGR: preeclamptic pregnancies with fetal growth restriction.
BMI: body mass index.
n.s.: not significant.
n.a.: not available.
a P values were calculated by ANOVA test, followed by Tamhane test for pairwise comparison, or by chi-squared test (χ 2).
*Comparison between Controls and PE-AGA group.
°Comparison between Controls and PE-FGR group.
∧Comparison between PE-AGA and PE-FGR groups.