TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-infected and control individuals.
| HIV+(ARa) | Control | P-value | HIV+(not ARa) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 620 | 294 | 1163 | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| Median | 40.0 | 41.0 | 0.014 | 42.0 |
| IQR | 36.5–43.0 | 37.0–43.0 | 37.0–48.0 | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 30% | 48% | <0.0001 | 29% |
| Male | 70% | 52% | 71% | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Caucasian | 49% | 51% | <0.0001 | 48% |
| African American | 38% | 49% | 39% | |
| Hispanic | 11% | 0 | 10% | |
| Other | 1% | 0 | 3% | |
| Ever homeless | 9% | NA | 8% | |
| Income | ||||
| <US$12 000 | 38% | 7% | <0.0001 | 39% |
| US$12 000–35 000 | 35% | 25% | 34% | |
| >US$35 000 | 27% | 69% | 27% | |
| Education | ||||
| Elementary | 3% | 0 | <0.0001 | 3% |
| High School | 42% | 20% | 40% | |
| College | 48% | 63% | 46% | |
| Graduate school | 8% | 17% | 10% | |
| Current smoker | 46% | 17% | <0.0001 | 42% |
| HCV RNA+ | 19% | 2% | <0.0001 | 22% |
| Current methadone | 3% | 0 | 0.0005 | 4% |
| Current CD4 cell count (cells/μl) | ||||
| Median | 364 | NA | 350 | |
| IQR | 214–531 | 214–539 | ||
| CD4 cell count <200 cells/μl | 24% | NA | 23% | |
| HIV RNA (1000 copies/ml) | ||||
| Median | 0.4 | NA | 0.4 | |
| IQR | 0.4–15.2 | 0.4–12.5 | ||
| Detectable HIV RNA | 51% | NA | 49% | |
| HAART status | ||||
| Current | 78.5% | NA | 76.4% | |
| Past | 11.5% | 12.7% | ||
| Never | 10.0% | 11.0% | ||
| Antiretroviral adherenceb | 71.8% | NA | 75.7% | |
| Duration HIV (years) | ||||
| Median | 8.2 | NA | 8 | |
| IQR | 5.4–11.8 | 5.2–11.7 | ||
| HIV risk factors | ||||
| MSM | 48% | NA | 46% | |
| IDU | 19% | 21% | ||
| Other | 8% | 9% | ||
| Heterosexual | 25% | 24% | ||
| Recent OI | 3% | NA | 2% | |
| AIDS by CD4 cell count <200 cells/μl or OI | 74% | NA | 73% | |
HCV, hepatitis C virus; IDU, injection drug user; IQR, interquartile range; MSM, men who have sex with men; NA, not applicable; OI, opportunistic infection.
a
AR, age restricted;
b
Antiretroviral adherence was based on the 3 days prior to the study visit.