HIF1α, VEGF, and PLGF expression in thrombosed IVC. (A) HIF1α expression did not change throughout thrombus resolution or when compared with the non-thrombosed (NT) IVC. (B) VEGF was elevated at days 1 and 3 but not days 7 and 14, compared with the non-thrombosed (NT) IVC and was greater at day 1 compared with days 3, 7, and 14. (C) PLGF was higher at days 1, 3, and 7 after thrombus induction compared with day 14 and the non-thrombosed (NT) IVC. *P < 0.01 vs. NT, day 7, and day 14. **P < 0.0001 vs. NT and P < 0.01 vs. day 14. ***P < 0.0001 vs. NT and P < 0.001 vs. days 3, 7, and 14.