Table 4.
Inhibition zones of J. curcas kernel meal extracts against pathogenic bacteria at the concentration of 1.0 and 1.5 mg/disc.
| Microorganism | Zone of Inhibition (cm)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methanol | Hot Water | Kanamycin | Streptomycin | ||||
| 1.0 mg/disc | 1.5 mg/disc | 1.0 mg/disc | 1.5 mg/disc | 1.0 μg/disc | 1.0 μg/disc | S.E.M * | |
| Gram negative | |||||||
| Enterobacter aerogenes | 1.11 b | 1.21 b | 0.21 e | 0.60 d | 1.54 a | 0.96 c | 0.04 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 1.05 c | 1.20 b | 0.40 e | 0.62 d | 1.44 a | 1.04 c | 0.02 |
| Escherichia coli | 1.25 c | 1.63 b | 0.75 e | 1.00 d | 1.70 a | 1.03 d | 0.02 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0.35 d | 0.58 b | 0.45 c | 0.37 c,d | 1.01 a | 0.41 c,d | 0.02 |
| Gram positive | |||||||
| Micrococcus luteus | 0.5 c | 1.20 a | 0.22 e | 0.30 d | 1.35 b | 1.10 b | 0.02 |
| Bacillus subtilis | 1.10 b | 1.40 a | 0.65 d | 0.85 c | 1.23 b | 0.86 c | 0.04 |
| Bacillus cereus | 1.00 d | 1.25 b | 0.00 f | 0.77 e | 1.49 a | 1.07 c | 0.02 |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 1.15 b | 1.37 a | 0.30 e | 0.75 d | 1.33 a | 0.95 c | 0.04 |
Means with different superscripts within rows are significantly different (P < 0.05); Analyses were done in triplicate;
*
S.E.M: Standard error of mean.