Table 1.
Canopy photosynthesis (assimilation rate, g CH2O m−2 d−1) in response to leaf elevation angle, phyllotaxis, leaflet angle and arrangement, leaf length : width ratio, internode length scenarios as well as the optimized architectures
| Winter | Summer | |
|---|---|---|
| Leaf elevation angle | ||
| –30° | 4·7 | 40·5 |
| –15° | 5·0 | 40·5 |
| 0 (reference structure) | 5·3 | 42·0 |
| + 15° | 5·0 | 40·5 |
| + 30° | 4·9 | 41·7 |
| Leaf azimuth angle | ||
| 110 | 5·2 | 42·3 |
| 135 | 5·3 | 41·8 |
| 160 (reference structure) | 5·3 | 42·0 |
| 180 | 5·1 | 41·7 |
| Leaflet angle | ||
| 0° | 5·1 | 37·3 |
| 22° | 5·2 | 40·5 |
| From 35° to 0° (reference structure) | 5·3 | |
| 42° | ||
| Leaflet arrangement | ||
| Longer leaflet petioles | 5·2 | 39·4 |
| Same area leaflets | 5·0 | 39·3 |
| Fewer/bigger leaflets | 4·9 | 41·8 |
| Reference structure | 5·3 | 42·0 |
| Leaf length : width ratio | ||
| 0·5 | 4·7 | 34·3 |
| 0·75 | 4·8 | 39·8 |
| 1·02 (reference structure) | 5·3 | 42·0 |
| 1·25 | 5·5 | 44·2 |
| 1·5 | 5·6 | 44·6 |
| Internode length | ||
| 3 cm | 4·3 | 37·0 |
| 5 cm | 5·0 | 38·8 |
| 7 cm (reference structure) | 5·3 | 42·0 |
| 10 cm | 5·6 | 44·2 |
| 12 cm | 5·7 | 44·6 |
| Optimized canopy architecture | ||
| Scenario A | 5·6 | 45·2 |
| Scenario B | 5·9 | 46·7 |