Table 2.

Rating data of pronoun–noun and article–noun pairs (Participants)

Ratings—participants
	Pleasant	Unpleasant	Neutral
Pronoun–noun pairs
Valence	6.96 (0.16)	2.10 (0.09)	5.10 (0.18)
Arousal	5.46 (0.31)	6.22 (0.32)	3.14 (0.29)
Article–noun pairs
Valence	6.72 (0.17)	2.65 (0.12)	4.99 (0.12)
Arousal	5.27 (0.34)	5.96 (0.37)	2.91 (0.30)

Mean valence, arousal and concreteness scores of pleasant, unpleasant and neutral pronoun–noun and article–noun pairs according to post-experimental ratings of the participants.

Note: Valence, arousal and concreteness ratings range from 1 (extremely negative valence, extremely low arousal or concreteness) to 9 (extremely positive valence, extremely high arousal or concreteness). Standard errors are in parentheses.