Fig. 1.

Assessment of bioenergetics using extracellular flux technology. A schematic representation of a mitochondrial function assay is shown (A). After baseline oxygen consumption rate (OCR) is established, sequential injection of oligomycin, carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP), and antimycin A allows for the determination of the mitochondrial function parameters basal OCR, ATP-linked OCR (ATP), proton leak (Leak), maximal OCR, reserve capacity (Reserve), and oxygen consumption, which occurs independent of Complex IV (Other). Mitochondrial function parameters and basal extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) determined in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) are shown (B). Values represent means ± SE; n = 3 to 4.