Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to statin use in men and women with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the AGES-Reykjavik Study, 2002–2006
| Variables | Men |
Women |
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| Statins: no |
Statins: yes |
Statins: no |
Statins: yes |
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| Mean±SD, IQR or % | Without T2D | With T2D | Without T2D | With T2D | Without T2D | With T2D | Without T2D | With T2D |
| No | 1357 | 230 | 477 | 128 | 2237 | 186 | 442 | 95 |
| Age, years | 77.4 (±5.8) | 77.9 (±6.1) | 76.0 (±4.8) | 75.5 (±4.4) | 77.0 (±6.1) | 78.7 (±6.0)*** | 76.1 (±4.8) | 76.3 (±4.5) |
| Cholesterol, mmol/l | 5.57 (±0.93) | 5.38 (±0.98)** | 4.32 (±0.82) | 4.14 (±0.84)* | 6.19 (±1.05) | 5.97 (±1.01)** | 4.96 (±0.83) | 4.67 (±0.94)** |
| High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/l | 1.46 (±0.40) | 1.26 (±0.34)*** | 1.40 (±0.37) | 1.26 (±0.33)*** | 1.75 (±0.45) | 1.53 (±0.41)*** | 1.70 (±0.40) | 1.48 (±0.41)*** |
| Low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/l | 3.61 (±0.85) | 3.40 (±0.89)** | 2.38 (±0.67) | 2.21 (±0.68)** | 3.90 (±0.98) | 3.73 (±0.91)* | 2.71 (±0.72) | 2.41 (±0.70)*** |
| Triglycerides, mmol/l, median (IQR) | 0.97 (0.56) | 1.33 (0.83)*** | 1.01 (0.65) | 1.29 (0.98)*** | 1.04 (0.63) | 1.38 (0.85)*** | 1.11 (0.67) | 1.57 (0.85)*** |
| C-reactive protein, mg/l, median (IQR) | 1.90 (2.70) | 2.20 (3.53)** | 1.60 (2.20) | 1.40 (2.10) | 2.00 (3.20) | 3.15 (5.65)*** | 1.50 (2.10) | 2.10 (3.30)* |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.4 (±3.7) | 28.3 (±4.2)*** | 27.0 (±3.7) | 28.4 (±3.7)*** | 27.0 (±4.9) | 29.0 (±5.5)*** | 26.8 (±4.0) | 30.2 (±5.1)*** |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 142.9 (±20.6) | 141.1 (±20.7) | 144.1 (±20.3) | 148.2 (±19.6)*** | 142.2 (±21.0) | 143.3 (±21.8) | 143.3 (±20.2) | 143.6 (±19.7) |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 77.0 (±9.4) | 74.7 (±10.8)** | 74.4 (±9.7) | 74.6 (±10.3) | 72.6 (9.3) | 70.5 (±10.5)* | 71.6 (±10.2) | 69.7 (±8.9) |
| Hypertension (%)* | 73.5 | 88.7*** | 91.6 | 95.3 | 78.9 | 88.7** | 92.5 | 95.8 |
| Hypertensive medication (%) | 50.0 | 75.2*** | 85.5 | 87.5 | 58.7 | 79.6*** | 84.6 | 90.5 |
| Glucose-lowering medication | – | 46.1 | – | 64.1 | – | 36.6 | – | 64.2 |
| Coronary heart disease prevalence (%)† | 7.9 | 14.8** | 71.1 | 59.4* | 2.2 | 8.6*** | 34.4 | 24.2* |
| Family history of myocardial infarction (%) | 30.1 | 39.1** | 45.2 | 41.4 | 40.2 | 51.6** | 56.7 | 53.7 |
| Physical activity in midlife (%) | 51.0 | 43.9 | 54.3 | 45.3 | 47.1 | 40.9 | 50.7 | 36.8* |
| Physical activity current (%) | 39.6 | 27.4*** | 45.3 | 35.2* | 31.3 | 26.3 | 34.2 | 16.8* |
| Education, more than secondary (%) | 30.0 | 27.4 | 29.8 | 28.9 | 21.9 | 20.4 | 17.2 | 16.8 |
| Smoking (%) | 11.9 | 12.2 | 9.0 | 9.4 | 12.4 | 10.2 | 12.9 | 9.5 |
| Haemoglobin A1c, % | 5.54 (±0.33) | 6.38 (±0.88)*** | 5.58 (±0.32) | 6.55 (±0.79)*** | 5.61 (±0.33) | 6.32 (±0.95)*** | 5.64 (±0.34) | 6.58 (±0.88)*** |
| Glucose, mmol/l | 5.57 (±0.50) | 7.95 (±2.09)*** | 5.58 (±0.53) | 7.92 (±2.19)*** | 5.44 (±0.51) | 7.60 (±2.00)*** | 5.41 (±0.52) | 7.97 (±2.38)*** |
Significance estimates for age-adjusted comparison between those with and without T2D and not using statins (no) and statin users (yes): *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
*
Hypertensive includes those with systolic blood pressure (BP) of >140 mm Hg or diastolic BP of >90 mm Hg, or on hypertensive medication.
†
Prevalence from history of myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary-artery bypass grafting in hospital records.