Table 1.
Frequencies and Percentages by Age at First Birth
| US Health and Retirement Study | British 1946 Cohort Study | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Age at first birth | Overall | Age at first birth | |||||
| <=20 | 21-24 | 25+ | <=20 | 21-24 | 25+ | |||
| US measure: CES-D score (mean) | 9.0 | 9.7 | 8.7 | 8.4 | ||||
| British measure: GHQ-28 score (mean) | 3.1 | 3.9 | 2.5 | 3.1 | ||||
| N. health conditions (mean) | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
| Disability score (mean) | 7.7 | 9.2 | 7.0 | 6.8 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Age at first birth (percent) | ||||||||
| 20 or younger | 37.3% | 25.7% | ||||||
| 21-24 | 35.9% | 38.1% | ||||||
| 25 and older | 26.8% | 36.2% | ||||||
| Number own children (mean) | 3.2 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.0 |
| Number step children (mean) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||
| Race/ethnicity (percent) | ||||||||
| white | 81.9% | 77.0% | 86.1% | 83.0% | ||||
| black | 10.3% | 15.1% | 7.2% | 7.7% | ||||
| Hispanic-English IW | 3.2% | 3.4% | 3.0% | 3.2% | ||||
| Hispanic-Spanish IW | 2.1% | 2.4% | 1.8% | 2.0% | ||||
| other | 2.6% | 2.1% | 2.0% | 4.0% | ||||
| Years in US (percent) | ||||||||
| US born | 91.1% | 94.4% | 92.1% | 85.1% | ||||
| 30 or more years | 3.9% | 2.6% | 4.0% | 5.7% | ||||
| 11-29 years | 4.0% | 2.1% | 3.2% | 7.9% | ||||
| 10 or fewer years | 1.0% | 1.0% | 0.7% | 1.4% | ||||
| Father’s education (percent) | ||||||||
| 0-5 years | 12.9% | 15.6% | 10.8% | 11.8% | ||||
| 6-8 years | 30.9% | 30.5% | 32.9% | 28.6% | ||||
| 9-11 years | 12.2% | 13.3% | 11.5% | 11.8% | ||||
| 12 years | 20.6% | 17.5% | 22.3% | 22.4% | ||||
| 13 or more years | 11.5% | 6.9% | 12.4% | 16.7% | ||||
| missing | 12.0% | 16.2% | 10.1% | 8.7% | ||||
| Father’s occupation: manual (percent) | 73.7% | 83.4% | 78.0% | 62.4% | ||||
| Education (mean) | 12.2 | 11.3 | 12.5 | 13.2 | ||||
| Education Qualifications (percent) | ||||||||
| none | 44.0% | 66.5% | 44.8% | 27.2% | ||||
| O-level | 35.4% | 29.1% | 39.9% | 35.2% | ||||
| A-level or more | 20.5% | 4.4% | 15.2% | 37.6% | ||||
| Unmarried at first birth (percent) | 11.4% | 16.4% | 8.4% | 8.3% | 6.0% | 10.3% | 4.4% | 4.6% |
| Midlife measures | ||||||||
| Income (mean, in 1000s) | 49.4 | 39.7 | 53.3 | 57.7 | 23.2 | 19.3 | 23.3 | 25.9 |
| Manual occupation (percent) | 32.0% | 44.0% | 27.0% | 22.0% | 50.2% | 69.2% | 51.5% | 35.5% |
| Living with partner (percent) | 74.7% | 73.0% | 76.4% | 75.0% | 84.0% | 82.6% | 84.4% | 84.5% |
| Own home (percent) | 82.7% | 79.0% | 85.0% | 84.0% | 86.4% | 77.7% | 88.1% | 90.8% |
| Currrently employed | 62.6% | 58.1% | 65.5% | 62.0% | 76.9% | 70.9% | 76.2% | 81.9% |
| Neighbors known by name (mean) | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | ||||
| Socialize with neighbors (mean) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | ||||
| Receive help in crisis | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | ||||
| Number of Observations | 4430 | 1062 | ||||||