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. 2011 Sep 23;5:441–463. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S23780

Table S3.

Measurement of persistence – medical chart review studies

Study group Design/cohorts Endpoint Patient/setting Study year Findings
Arias61 Retrospective observational using chart review. Cohorts: latanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost, timolol Time to Tx DC or change, or referral to surgery 191 patients, 18+ years, seen at hospital clinic with glaucoma or OHT, initiated with monotherapy, not required to be new to Tx [Madrid, Spain] 2003–2004 Mean (range) of persistence of cohorts at 1 yeara: 78% (50%–91%)
Day62 Retrospective multicenter observation using chart review. Cohorts: latanoprost, bimatoprost, beta blockers Time to Tx change 1182 patients, 18+ years, diagnosis of POAG or OHT at ophthalmologist practices, may/ may not be new to Tx [South Carolina, Georgia, Florida in US] 1996–2002 Mean (range) of persistence of cohorts at 1 yeara: 64% (57%–71%)
Diestelhorst63 Retrospective multicenter observation using chart review. Cohorts: beta blockers, latanoprost Time to Tx DC 260 patients, 18+ years, with diagnosis of POAG, were treatment-naïve, at ophthalmology practices and clinics [Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom] 1996–2000 Mean (range) of persistence of cohorts at 1 yeara: 62% (46%–83%)
Hahn11 GAPS.

  1. Retrospective observation using Rx claims,

  2. Phone interviews with ophthalmologists,

  3. Phone interviews with patients,

  4. Chart review. [Persistence findings reported for 4) above] Cohorts: bimatoprost, latanoprost, travoprost

  • 4) Time to DC or Tx change

 223 patients from database cited in Zimmerman et al30 who also had chart review data, age 40+ years, with diagnosis of OAG and new to Tx and receiving monotherapy, with 12+ months follow-up, enrolled in health network [US] 1999–2005 Mean (range) of persistence of cohorts at 1 yeara: 63% (58%–71%)
Kashiwagi65 Retrospective observation using patient registry. Cohorts: latanoprost, prostaglandins, beta-blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, pilocarpine, epinephrine, bunazosin Persistence for ophthalmic solutions prescribed in 2001 [not further described] 1955 glaucoma patients in clinical registry at university glaucoma clinic who were newly prescribed an antiglaucoma agent for 1+ months [Japan] 2000–2008 Mean (range) of persistence of cohorts at 1 year: not reported
Tingey64 Retrospective observational using chart review. Cohorts: Phase 1 – patients starting first-line glaucoma treatment, Phase 2 – patients in whom first-line monotherapy with a β-blocker had failed and a second-line agent was being added or substituted (Phase 2) Time persistent defined as the proportion of patients remaining on that therapy each month after initiation. Change in therapy defined as the addition of a medication, a switch to an alternative medication or a referral to surgery 115 patients, 18+ years with who had begun therapy for newly diagnosed POAG or OHT, at private ophthalmology practices and outpatient clinic [Alberta in Canada] 1998–1999 Mean (range) of persistence of cohorts at 1 yeara: Phase 1 was 69% (63%–87%); Phase 2 was 65% (64%–69%)
a

Note: Engage Digitizer 4.1 (www.digitizer.sourceforge.net) was used to translate the plot line for each cohort to a spreadsheet of persistence values.

Abbreviations: DC, discontinuation; GAPS, Glaucoma Adherence and Persistency Study; MPR, Medication Possession Ratio; OAG, open-angle glaucoma; OHT, ocular hypertension; POAG, primary open-angle; Rx, prescription; Tx, therapy.