Table 2. Association between mosquito counts and factors assumed to influence indoor mosquito density as measured in incidence rate ratios (IRR) from univariable negative binomial regression models.
Anopheles gambiae s.l. | Anopheles funestus s.s. | All mosquitoes | ||||||||||
Factor | Type of variable | N | Reference | IRR | 95% CI | p | IRR | 95% CI | p | IRR | 95% CI | p |
Plant Used | Factor | 321 | No plants | 1 | 0.002 | 1 | <0.0001 | 1 | <0.0001 | |||
Lantana | 0.48 | 0.30–0.76 | 0.17 | 0.09–0.30 | 0.54 | 0.40–0.73 | ||||||
People in H/Hold | Continuous | 321 | per 1 person | 1.03 | 0.94–1.13 | N.S. | 1.02 | 0.91–1.16 | N.S. | 1.007 | 0.94–1.08 | N.S. |
No slept under nets last night | Continuous | 321 | per 1 net | 0.93 | 0.83–1.04 | N.S. | 1.22 | 1.03–1.44 | 0.02 | 1.02 | 0.94–1.12 | N.S. |
Bednets owned | Continuous | 321 | per 1 net | 0.59 | 0.38–0.93 | 0.02 | 1.87 | 0.98–3.58 | N.S. | 0.91 | 0.67–1.22 | N.S. |
Roof material | Factor | 316 | Tin | 1 | N.S. | 1 | N.S. | 1 | N.S. | |||
Thatch | 0.95 | 0.60–1.52 | 0.83 | 0.43–1.59 | 0.99 | 0.74–1.34 | ||||||
Eaves | Factor | 321 | Closed | 1 | N.S. | 1 | N.S. | 1 | N.S. | |||
Open | 1.36 | 0.84–2.20 | 1.35 | 0.65–2.81 | 1.28 | 0.93–1.78 | ||||||
Place of cooking | Factor | 321 | Indoors | 1 | N.S. | 1 | N.S. | 1 | N.S. | |||
Outdoors | 1.27 | 0.73–2.21 | 0.74 | 0.38–1.43 | 1.17 | 0.82–1.67 | ||||||
Burn a fire overnight | Factor | 318 | No fire | 1 | N.S. | 1 | N.S. | 1 | N.S. | |||
Fire | 1.52 | 0.50–4.63 | 1.04 | 0.42–2.56 | 1.06 | 0.60–1.89 | ||||||
VisibleSmoke Stains | Factor | 321 | None | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Some | 0.78 | 0.43–1.41 | N.S. | 0.85 | 0.36–2.04 | N.S. | 0.89 | 0.60–1.31 | N.S. | |||
Extensive | 0.79 | 0.46–1.33 | N.S. | 0.80 | 0.38–1.70 | N.S. | 0.73 | 0.53–0.99 | 0.05 | |||
Livestock overnight in house | Factor | 321 | None | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Indoors | 1.80 | 1.05–3.09 | 0.03 | 1.10 | 0.47–2.57 | N.S. | 1.26 | 0.89–1.78 | N.S. | |||
Outdoors | 1.05 | 0.58–1.91 | N.S. | 0.60 | 0.23–1.53 | N.S. | 1.02 | 0.71–1.48 | N.S. | |||
Sampling period | Factor | 321 | Sept–Dec '08 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Jan–April '09 | 0.39 | 0.24–0.64 | <0.0001 | 2.99 | 1.00–8.93 | 0.049 | 1.08 | 0.78–1.49 | N.S. | |||
May–July '09 | 0.27 | 0.14–0.53 | <0.0001 | 7.04 | 2.29–21.69 | 0.001 | 1.28 | 0.82–2.01 | N.S. |