TABLE 1.
Survey year, sample size, mean BMI, annual average percentage change in BMI, percentage overweight/obese, and average annual percentage change in overweight/obese among women in 37 low- to middle-income countries
| BMI | Overweight/obese | |||||||
| Country | Year survey started | No. of subjects | Mean | 95% CI1 | Average annual percentage change2 | Percentage3 | 95% CI1 | Average annual percentage change4 |
| Armenia | 2000 | 4272 | 25.8 | (16.2, 35.3) | 50.0 | (48.5, 51.5) | ||
| Armenia | 2005 | 4219 | 26.5 | (15.8, 37.1) | 0.5 | 55.2 | (53.6, 56.7) | 2.1 |
| Bangladesh | 1996 | 4045 | 18.9 | (13.3, 24.3) | 2.9 | (1.7, 4.0) | ||
| Bangladesh | 2007 | 10,106 | 20.9 | (13.5, 28.1) | 1.0 | 13.7 | (12.8, 14.7) | 34.0 |
| Benin | 1996 | 2300 | 21.1 | (15.0, 27.2) | 8.6 | (6.8, 10.4) | ||
| Benin | 2006 | 11,781 | 22.7 | (14.2, 31.2) | 0.8 | 19.8 | (18.9, 20.7) | 13.0 |
| Bolivia | 1993 | 2198 | 24.3 | (17.1, 31.5) | 33.7 | (31.6, 35.8) | ||
| Bolivia | 2008 | 10,466 | 26.9 | (17.3, 36.4) | 0.7 | 60.2 | (59.3, 61.2) | 5.3 |
| Burkina Faso | 1992 | 3429 | 21.3 | (14.9, 27.7) | 9.9 | (8.3, 11.4) | ||
| Burkina Faso | 2003 | 8673 | 20.9 | (14.1, 27.6) | −0.2 | 9.2 | (8.2, 10.2) | −0.6 |
| Cambodia | 2000 | 4703 | 20.8 | (15.0, 26.5) | 7.7 | (6.5, 9.0) | ||
| Cambodia | 2005 | 5328 | 21.3 | (14.9, 27.5) | 0.5 | 12.1 | (10.9, 13.4) | 11.4 |
| Cameroon | 1998 | 1516 | 22.8 | (15.4, 30.2) | 22.8 | (20.3, 25.2) | ||
| Cameroon | 2004 | 3500 | 23.9 | (15.2, 32.4) | 0.8 | 31.1 | (29.5, 32.8) | 6.1 |
| Chad | 1996 | 3686 | 20.7 | (14.7, 26.5) | 7.0 | (5.6, 8.4) | ||
| Chad | 2004 | 2943 | 21.1 | (14.1, 28.0) | 0.3 | 10.7 | (9.0, 12.3) | 6.6 |
| Colombia | 1995 | 3026 | 24.5 | (16.6, 32.4) | 41.5 | (39.7, 43.3) | ||
| Colombia | 2004 | 23,190 | 25.7 | (16.3, 35.0) | 0.5 | 51.0 | (50.3, 51.6) | 2.6 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 1994 | 2735 | 22.1 | (15.4, 28.7) | 14.8 | (13.0, 16.6) | ||
| Cote d'Ivoire | 1998 | 1726 | 23.5 | (14.6, 32.3) | 1.5 | 27.5 | (25.1, 29.8) | 21.4 |
| Egypt, Arab Republic | 1995 | 6777 | 26.0 | (15.9, 36.0) | 49.1 | (47.9, 50.3) | ||
| Egypt, Arab Republic | 2008 | 14,840 | 28.9 | (18.1, 39.5) | 0.8 | 76.0 | (75.2, 76.8) | 4.2 |
| Ethiopia | 2000 | 9990 | 20.0 | (14.4, 25.6) | 5.4 | (4.6, 6.2) | ||
| Ethiopia | 2005 | 4352 | 20.4 | (14.2, 26.6) | 0.4 | 6.6 | (5.3, 7.9) | 4.6 |
| Ghana | 1993 | 1735 | 21.8 | (14.7, 28.7) | 12.8 | (10.6, 15.0) | ||
| Ghana | 2008 | 2976 | 24.0 | (14.1, 33.8) | 0.7 | 33.1 | (31.3, 34.9) | 10.6 |
| Guatemala | 1995 | 4898 | 23.9 | (16.5, 31.2) | 31.0 | (29.6, 32.4) | ||
| Guatemala | 1998 | 2340 | 24.7 | (16.4, 32.9) | 1.2 | 39.9 | (37.8, 41.9) | 9.5 |
| Guinea | 1999 | 3273 | 21.8 | (15.0, 28.4) | 12.5 | (10.9, 14.1) | ||
| Guinea | 2005 | 2940 | 21.8 | (15.0, 28.5) | 0.1 | 14.7 | (13.0, 16.4) | 2.9 |
| Haiti | 1994 | 1891 | 21.2 | (14.4, 27.9) | 12.0 | (9.9, 14.1) | ||
| Haiti | 2005 | 3266 | 23.0 | (14.0, 31.8) | 0.7 | 25.7 | (24.0, 27.4) | 10.4 |
| India | 1998 | 77,593 | 20.6 | (13.0, 28.1) | 12.3 | (11.9, 12.6) | ||
| India | 2005 | 84,146 | 21.4 | (13.0, 29.8) | 0.6 | 18.6 | (18.3, 19.0) | 7.4 |
| Jordan | 1997 | 3082 | 27.3 | (16.4, 38.1) | 61.5 | (59.7, 63.3) | ||
| Jordan | 2007 | 4527 | 28.3 | (17.0, 39.6) | 0.4 | 69.6 | (68.1, 71.0) | 1.3 |
| Kazakhstan | 1995 | 2650 | 25.4 | (14.4, 36.3) | 44.3 | (42.4, 46.2) | ||
| Kazakhstan | 1999 | 1641 | 24.8 | (14.2, 35.3) | −0.6 | 38.7 | (36.3, 41.1) | −3.2 |
| Kenya | 1998 | 2929 | 22.0 | (14.6, 29.3) | 15.5 | (13.8, 17.3) | ||
| Kenya | 2008 | 5253 | 23.3 | (13.8, 32.8) | 0.6 | 29.5 | (28.2, 30.9) | 9.0 |
| Madagascar | 1997 | 2396 | 20.5 | (15.6, 25.2) | 4.5 | (2.9, 6.1) | ||
| Madagascar | 2008 | 6160 | 20.6 | (14.4, 26.7) | 0.1 | 7.9 | (6.8, 9.0) | 6.8 |
| Malawi | 1992 | 2268 | 21.8 | (15.8, 27.8) | 10.9 | (9.0, 12.8) | ||
| Malawi | 2004 | 7982 | 22.1 | (15.5, 28.6) | 0.1 | 14.2 | (13.2, 15.3) | 2.6 |
| Mali | 1995 | 4135 | 21.1 | (15.2, 26.9) | 8.8 | (7.4, 10.1) | ||
| Mali | 2006 | 10,832 | 22.5 | (14.2, 30.7) | 0.6 | 20.3 | (19.3, 21.2) | 12.0 |
| Morocco | 1992 | 2890 | 24.1 | (15.4, 32.6) | 32.7 | (30.9, 34.5) | ||
| Morocco | 2003 | 8997 | 25.5 | (16.2, 34.8) | 0.6 | 49.5 | (48.4, 50.5) | 4.7 |
| Mozambique | 1997 | 3079 | 21.7 | (15.8, 27.5) | 10.1 | (8.5, 11.7) | ||
| Mozambique | 2003 | 8543 | 22.4 | (15.1, 29.5) | 0.5 | 16.2 | (15.2, 17.2) | 10.1 |
| Namibia | 1992 | 1407 | 22.5 | (13.7, 31.3) | 20.9 | (18.3, 23.5) | ||
| Namibia | 2006 | 3815 | 24.7 | (12.8, 36.6) | 0.7 | 40.0 | (38.4, 41.6) | 6.5 |
| Nepal | 1996 | 3420 | 19.9 | (15.6, 24.2) | 1.8 | (0.7, 3.0) | ||
| Nepal | 2006 | 7975 | 20.7 | (14.6, 26.8) | 0.4 | 9.3 | (8.3, 10.3) | 40.4 |
| Nicaragua | 1997 | 9231 | 25.4 | (16.1, 34.6) | 46.6 | (45.6, 47.6) | ||
| Nicaragua | 2001 | 8856 | 26.2 | (16.3, 35.9) | 0.8 | 53.4 | (52.4, 54.5) | 3.6 |
| Niger | 1998 | 3410 | 21.0 | (14.4, 27.4) | 9.9 | (8.3, 11.4) | ||
| Niger | 2006 | 3280 | 22.2 | (13.9, 30.4) | 0.7 | 19.9 | (18.3, 21.6) | 12.7 |
| Nigeria | 2003 | 4592 | 22.7 | (13.8, 31.6) | 23.1 | (21.6, 24.5) | ||
| Nigeria | 2008 | 21,297 | 22.7 | (13.7, 31.7) | 0.0 | 23.4 | (22.7, 24.0) | 0.3 |
| Peru | 1991 | 4958 | 24.6 | (17.3, 31.8) | 38.0 | (36.6, 39.4) | ||
| Peru | 2003 | 17,620 | 26.4 | (17.8, 35.0) | 0.6 | 58.5 | (57.8, 59.2) | 4.5 |
| Rwanda | 2000 | 5598 | 22.3 | (16.2, 28.4) | 15.0 | (13.8, 16.3) | ||
| Rwanda | 2005 | 3039 | 22.0 | (16.1, 27.7) | −0.3 | 11.8 | (10.2, 13.5) | −4.2 |
| Tanzania | 1996 | 3535 | 21.9 | (15.4, 28.4) | 13.4 | (11.9, 15.0) | ||
| Tanzania | 2004 | 6733 | 22.5 | (14.6, 30.4) | 0.4 | 19.6 | (18.5, 20.8) | 5.8 |
| Turkey | 1993 | 2417 | 25.9 | (16.2, 35.5) | 51.1 | (49.1, 53.1) | ||
| Turkey | 2003 | 3030 | 26.6 | (16.5, 36.6) | 0.3 | 57.5 | (55.7, 59.3) | 1.3 |
| Uganda | 1995 | 3082 | 21.8 | (15.4, 28.0) | 11.1 | (9.5, 12.7) | ||
| Uganda | 2006 | 1878 | 22.1 | (14.5, 29.6) | 0.2 | 16.4 | (14.2, 18.6) | 4.4 |
| Zambia | 1996 | 3589 | 21.8 | (15.7, 27.8) | 11.9 | (10.4, 13.4) | ||
| Zambia | 2007 | 4450 | 22.8 | (14.7, 30.8) | 0.4 | 21.6 | (20.1, 23.0) | 7.4 |
| Zimbabwe | 1994 | 1835 | 23.0 | (15.6, 30.2) | 21.7 | (19.5, 24.0) | ||
| Zimbabwe | 2005 | 5786 | 23.5 | (15.0, 32.0) | 0.2 | 28.8 | (27.5, 30.1) | 3.0 |
1
Adjusted to account for design effects.
2
Represents the change in BMI divided by the mean BMI at time 1 divided by the number of years elapsed between the first and second surveys.
3
Calculated as the number of women with a BMI (in kg/m2) >25 divided by the total sample and multiplied by 100%.
4
Represents the change in overweight/obese divided by the percentage overweight/obese at time 1 divided by the number of years elapsed between the first and second surveys, multiplied by 100.