Table II.

Metabolites that showed significant changes in ZmASR1-OE leaves compared with wild-type leaves

Pathway	Metabolite	Trend in ZmASR1-OE	Ratio of ZmASR1-OE to the Wild Typea		ANOVA Tableb
			Control	Deficit	ZmASR1-OE	Deficit	Interaction
BCAAs	Ile	Down	−0.11	−0.15	0.010	0.014	0.573
	Leu	Down	−0.08	−0.14	0.007	0.002	0.284
	Val	Down	−0.09	−0.11	0.010	0.143	0.790
Aromatic amino acids	Phe	Down	−0.06	−0.12	0.011	0.001	0.189
Trp	Down	−0.11	−0.16	0.016	0.014	0.583
Glu family	Asn	Down	−0.13	−0.20	0.044	0.170	0.624
	Gln	Down	−0.07	−0.12	0.037	0.006	0.550
	Pro	Down	−0.06	−0.08	0.032	0.003	0.783
RFO	Galactinol	Down	−0.13	−0.08	0.010	0.000	0.415
Saccharides	Glc	Down	−0.17	−0.08	0.004	0.000	0.221
	Suc	Down	−0.14	−0.08	0.037	0.277	0.505
γ-Aminobutyrate shunt	Ala	Down	−0.08	−0.09	0.024	0.012	0.856
Others	trans-Aconitate	Down	−0.22	−0.10	0.021	0.183	0.280
	Benzoate	Down	−0.09	−0.11	0.039	0.173	0.833
	trans-Caffeoylquinate	Down	−0.13	−0.16	0.033	0.078	0.781
	Citramalate	Down	−0.10	−0.19	0.040	0.005	0.434
	Gly	Down	−0.11	−0.11	0.005	0.005	0.968
	Lactate	Up	0.31	1.81	NR	NR	0.045
	Monomethylphosphate	Down	−0.16	−0.21	0.004	0.020	0.551
	Urea	Up	0.37	1.23	NR	NR	0.042

^aValues (log₁₀) are reported relative to the wild-type samples (n = 2).

^bMetabolites were categorized as ZmASR1-OE (boldface text), deficit (underlined text), and interaction (italicized text) as follows: ZmASR1-OE, metabolites that showed significant (P < 0.05) changes in ZmASR1-OE leaves compared with wild-type leaves when the additive model could be retained; deficit, metabolites that showed significant (P < 0.05) changes under water deficit conditions compared with well-watered conditions when the additive model could be retained; interaction, metabolites that showed significant (P < 0.05) changes in ZmASR1-OE leaves compared with wild-type leaves under water deficit conditions by the Bonferroni method when the additive model could not be retained. Experimental details are described in “Materials and Methods.” NR, Not relevant.