Table 3.

Gender differences on lipid panel, leptin, inflammatory markers, and antioxidant status

Variables	Female	Male
Triglyceride (mg/dL)
Pre	111 ± 18	117 ± 8
Post	119 ± 21	131 ± 23
Cholesterol (mg/dL)
Pre	210 ± 11	213 ± 12
Post	209 ± 11	228 ± 12
HDL (mg/dL)
Pre	60 ± 7	48 ± 8
Post	58 ± 7	48 ± 8
VLDL (mg/dL)
Pre	27 ± 5	31 ± 5
Post	25 ± 5	38 ± 5
LDL (mg/dL)
Pre	123 ± 10	132 ± 11
Post	125 ± 11	141 ± 11
Apo A (mg/dL)
Pre	169 ± 12	154 ± 12
Post	154 ± 13	151 ± 13
Apo B (mg/dL)
Pre	93 ± 6b	111 ± 7a
Post	91 ± 6b	115 ± 7a
Leptin (ng/mL)
Pre	35 ± 3a	8 ± 3b
Post	32 ± 3a	10 ± 4b
Interleukin-1α (pg/mL)
Pre	1.30 ± 0.18c	1.83 ± 0.09ab
Post	1.43 ± 0.18bc	2.00 ± 0.09a
C-reactive protein (mg/dL)
Pre	4.16 ± 0.56	3.34 ± 0.67
Post	3.13 ± 0.56	2.35 ± 0.67
Antioxidant capacity (mM)
Pre	0.79 ± 0.05b	0.83 ± 0.05b
Post	0.96 ± 0.06a	1.10 ± 0.06a
Malondialdehyde (μM)
Pre	29 ± 7b	56 ± 8a
Post	13 ± 7c	22 ± 8bc

^a,cMeans with unlike superscript are significantly (P ≤ 0.05) different from each other.