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. 2011 Oct 3;108(41):17111–17116. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1108121108

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

Sildenafil decreases MDSC-induced immunosuppression and enhances TILs. (A) MDSCs were isolated from tumors of treated and untreated mice and coincubated with activated normal splenocytes at the Spl:MDSC ratio of 1:1. Means and SEs from three independent experiments (n = 4 mice per group) are presented as a proportion between the proliferation of T cells cultured alone or with MDSCs and expressed as percentage. (B and C) ζ-Chain expression in TILs from skin tumors (B) and metastatic LNs (C) are expressed as MFI (mean and SE; n = 10–13 mice per group). (D) T cells in metastatic LNs were detected by flow cytometry. Results (mean and SE; n = 11–14 mice per group) are shown as the percentage of CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells among mononuclear cells. (E) IL-2 was measured in metastatic LNs by Bio-Plex assay and expressed as pg/mg protein (mean and SE; n = 6–8 mice per group). (F) Some sildenafil-treated mice were injected with rat anti-mouse mAbs depleting CD8+ T cells. IgG from rat serum were inoculated in untreated mice. Survival (n = 8 mice per group) is shown as a Kaplan–Meier curve (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01).