Fig. 1.

Principle of SPSM and the ePetri prototype. (A–C) With the incremental tilt/shift of the illumination, the target cells’ shadow will incrementally shift across the sensor pixels. These subpixel shifted low-resolution images will be used to reconstruct the high-resolution image by using pixel superresolution algorithm. (D) The ePetri prototype. A thin PDMS layer is used as a cover to prevent the evaporation of the culture media while allowing for CO₂ exchange between the well and exterior. (E–F) The ePetri imaging platform. We used the LED screen of a smartphone as the scanning light source. The holder is built with Lego blocks.