Table 2.
Levels of physical activity in people with metabolic syndrome and HRs of all-cause and CVD-related deathsa
| All-cause mortality | CVD-related deaths | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PA index | Number | Person-years | Deaths | HRb | HRc (95% CI) | P trend | Deaths | HRb | HRc (95% CI) | P trend |
| < 65 years old | 9,883 | |||||||||
| Inactivec | 9,357 | 70 | 1.0 | 1.0 (Ref.) | 15 | 1.0 | 1.0 (reference value) | |||
| Low | 41,723 | 203 | 0.62 | 0.71 (0.54 to 0.94) | 61 | 0.87 | 1.03 (0.58 to 1.83) | |||
| Moderate | 30,398 | 114 | 0.52 | 0.58 (0.43 to 0.79) | 26 | 0.56 | 0.63 (0.33 to 1.20) | |||
| High | 28,119 | 73 | 0.46 | 0.52 (0.37 to 0.73) | 17 | 0.51 | 0.60 (0.29 to 1.22) | |||
| < 0.001 | 0.02 | |||||||||
| ≥65 years old | 3,566 | |||||||||
| Inactived | 5,620 | 375 | 1.0 | 1.0 (Ref.) | 171 | 1.0 | 1.0 (reference value) | |||
| Low | 13,347 | 522 | 0.76 | 0.75 (0.65 to 0.86) | 235 | 0.76 | 0.76 (0.62 to 0.93) | |||
| Moderate | 10,157 | 361 | 0.70 | 0.65 (0.56 to 0.76) | 140 | 0.61 | 0.58 (0.46 to 0.74) | |||
| High | 4,293 | 121 | 0.69 | 0.59 (0.47 to 0.74) | 46 | 0.59 | 0.52 (0.37 to 0.73) | |||
| < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||||
aCVD, cardiovascular disease; PA, physical activity; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; badjusted for age (continuous); cadjusted for age (continuous), sex (men and women), marital status (married or unmarried, widow or widower, divorced or separated), education level attained (≤10 years, 11 to 14 years, ≥15 years and unknown), alcohol consumption (frequency during past two weeks: none, one to four, at least five, total abstainer and unknown), smoking status (never, former, current or unknown), occupational activity (mostly sedentary, much walking, much walking and lifting or heavy physical work); dinactive participants served as the reference group.