Table 1. Studies Included in the Meta-Analysis.
| Study | N | Cytokine(s) assessed | Antidepressant class | Rating scale/baseline severity/percent reduction | Assay type/manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basterzi et al (2005) | 23 | IL-6 | SSRI | HDRS/21/49% | ELISA/CytImmune Sciences |
| Chen et al (2010) | 43 | TNF, IL-6 | Misc. | HDRS/31/47% | ELISA/Diaclone (now Gen-Probe) |
| Eller et al (2008) | 100 | TNF | SSRI | MADRS/29/68% | Chemiluminescence/Immulite |
| Frommberger et al (1997) | 10 | IL-6 | TCA | MADRS/34/65% | Bioassay |
| Fornaro et al (2011) | 16 | IL-6 | SNRI | HDRS/21/56% | ELISA/Bender MedSystems |
| Hernandez et al (2008) | 31 | IL-1 | SSRI | HDRS/20/50% | ELISA/DuoSet (R&D Systems) |
| Himmerich et al (2006) | 67 | TNF | Misc. | HDRS/27/66% | ELISA/BioSource |
| Hinze-Selch et al (2000) | 22 | TNF | SSRI or TCA | ND | ELISA/Medgenix |
| Jazayeri et al (2010) | 14 | IL-6, IL-1 | SSRI | HDRS/29/64% | ELISA/Bender MedSystems |
| Kagaya et al (2001) | 12 | TNF, IL-6, IL-1 | TCA | HDRS/23/49% | ELISA/BioSource |
| Kraus et al (2002) | 20 | TNF | SNRI | ND | ELISA/Medgenix |
| Kubera et al (2000) | 9 | IL-6 | ND | HDRS/22/76% | ELISA/Eurogenetics |
| Leo et al (2006) | 20 | TNF, IL-6, IL-1 | SSRI | HDRS/24/39% | ELISA/Quantikine (R&D Systems) |
| Maes et al (1995) | 17 | IL-6 | SSRI or TCA | HDRS/24/40% | ELISA/Eurogenetics |
| Maes et al (1997) | 25 | IL-6 | Misc. | HDRS/25/47% | ELISA/Eurogenetics |
| Mikova et al (2001) | 23 | TNF, IL-6 | SSRI and TCA | HDRS/>18/ND 9 resp, 5 non resp | ELISA/Eurogenetics |
| Piletz et al (2009) | 12 | TNF, IL-1 | SNRI | HDRS/26/58% | ELISA/Quantikine |
| Sluzewska et al (1995) | 9 | IL-6 | SSRI | HDRS/23/ND | ELISA/ND |
| Song et al (2009) | 30 | TNF, IL-1 | SSRI | HDRS/22/50% | ELISA/GeneMay |
| Sutcigil et al (2007) | 23 | TNF | SSRI | HDRS/∼26/∼50% | ELISA/Bender MedSystems |
| Tuglu et al (2003) | 26 | TNF | SSRI | HDRS/27/67% | Chemiluminescence/Immulite |
| Yoshimura et al (2009) | 51 | TNF, IL-6 | SSRI and SNRI | HDRS/22/68% | ELISA/Quantikine |
Abbreviations: ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; IL-1, interleukin-1; IL-6, interleukin-6; MADRS, Montgomery-sberg Depression Rating Scale; ND, no data; SNRI, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI, serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TCA, tricyclic antidepressant.
List of studies included in this meta-analysis. The table shows the number of subjects in each study, the cytokines measured, the antidepressant treatment used (by class), the depression severity measure, the baseline depression severity score, the percent decrease in depression severity, the type of cytokine assay used, and the manufacturer of the assay.