Table 1.
Chemotactic activities | |
Monocytes | stimulation/inhibition: dependent on its concentration |
T lymphocytes | |
ECs | |
Vascular smooth muscle cells | |
Fibroblasts | |
Angiogenic activities | |
Antiapoptotic activities | |
Stimulation of cell proliferation | |
Induction of mediators | |
Cytokines | TNF-α |
IL-1, 6, 8, 12 | |
CCL2 | |
Growth factor | VEGF |
Adhesion molecules | |
ICAM-1 | |
VCAM-1 | |
E-selectin | |
P-selectin | |
Proteinases | MMP-1, 3, 9, 13 |
Nitric oxide | |
Superoxide |
Chemotactic activities of MIF against monocytes/macrophages may be dependent on its concentration. VEGF; vascular endothelial growth factor, ICAM-1; intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, VCAM-1; vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, MMP; matrix metalloproteinase.