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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 15.
Published in final edited form as: Anal Biochem. 2011 Jul 28;418(2):184–196. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.07.024

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Synthesis of APPD. Reagents and conditions: (a) OsO4, NMO, H2O/acetone (5:1 v/v), 50 °C; (b) 2,2-dimethyloxypropane/TyOH; (c) LiAlH4, THF, 80 °C; (d) H2, Pt/C, MeOH; (e) 4-cyanobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride, Et3N, MeCN; (f) H2, Pt/C, MeOH, 10% conc. HCl.