Table 2.
Univariable Association of Variables with All MACE, All-Cause Mortality, and Non-fatal Events
| All MACE (N = 48) | All-Cause Mortality (N = 21) | Non-Fatal Events (N = 27) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LRχ2 | HR (95% CI) | P-value | LRχ2 | HR (95% CI) | P-value | LRχ2 | HR | P-value | |
| Age (years) | 0.41 | 1.01 (0.99-1.03) | NS | 0.51 | 1.01 (0.98-1.04) | NS | 0.02 | 1.00 (0.97-1.03) | NS |
| Female Gender | 2.12 | 1.63 (0.84-3.15) | NS | 4.65 | 2.72 (1.10-6.73) | 0.03 | 0.01 | 1.04 (0.41-2.63) | NS |
| Body Mass Index (m/kg2) | 1.62 | 0.96 (0.91-1.02) | NS | 0.19 | 0.98 (0.91-1.06) | NS | 2.19 | 0.94 (0.86-1.02) | NS |
| Hx. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention | 3.21 | 2.07 (0.93-4.56) | 0.07 | 0.54 | 1.51 (0.51-4.48) | NS | 1.97 | 2.25 (0.73-6.98) | NS |
| Hx. Coronary Bypass Surgery | 3.69 | 2.25 (0.96-5.13) | 0.05 | 0.23 | 1.35 (0.40-4.58) | NS | 3.44 | 2.87 (0.94-8.74) | 0.06 |
| Diabetes | 0.49 | 1.27 (0.65-2.47) | NS | 0.01 | 1.00 (0.41-2.42) | NS | 0.07 | 1.14 (0.44-2.96) | NS |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 0.10 | 1.12 (0.54-2.34) | NS | 0.82 | 0.67 (0.28-1.61) | NS | 1.53 | 2.19 (0.63-7.59) | NS |
| Hx. Heavy Smoking | 0.60 | 1.31 (0.66-2.57) | NS | 0.17 | 0.82 (0.31-2.12) | NS | 1.09 | 1.65 (0.64-4.22) | NS |
| Family Hx. CAD | 1.00 | 0.66 (0.29-1.49) | NS | 0.33 | 0.77 (0.32-1.85) | NS | 0.47 | 0.67 (0.21-2.11) | NS |
| Medications | |||||||||
| Beta-blocker Use | 4.68 | 2.63 (1.10-6.33) | 0.03 | 4.27 | 4.65 (1.08-19.96) | 0.04 | 1.08 | 1.80 (0.59-5.49) | NS |
| Calcium Channel Blocker Use | 1.08 | 1.44 (0.72-2.89) | NS | 0.01 | 0.95 (0.35-2.59) | NS | 1.66 | 1.87 (0.72-4.83) | NS |
| ACE Inhibitor Use | 0.05 | 0.93 (0.48-1.79) | NS | 0.01 | 0.98 (0.42-2.31) | NS | 0.74 | 0.66 (0.25-1.70) | NS |
| Aspirin Use | 0.97 | 1.42 (0.71-2.83) | NS | 0.04 | 0.92 (0.39-2.18) | NS | 1.43 | 1.88 (0.67-5.27) | NS |
| ECG Variables | |||||||||
| History of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG | 2.17 | 2.22 (0.77-6.43) | NS | 1.22 | 2.30 (0.53-10.05) | NS | 0.66 | 1.87 (0.41-8.46) | NS |
| Left Atrial Enlargement on ECG | 0.01 | 1.04 (0.36-2.96) | NS | 0.62 | 0.45 (0.06-3.45) | NS | 0.61 | 1.65 (0.47-5.82) | NS |
| LVH Voltage and Strain | 1.92 | 1.97 (0.75-5.14) | NS | ** | ** | NS | 7.58 | 4.43 (1.54-12.77) | <0.01 |
| Significant Q Waves | 0.64 | 1.53 (0.54-4.39) | NS | 3.73 | 3.00 (0.98-19.12) | 0.05 | ** | ** | ** |
| QRS Interval > 120 ms | 0.39 | 0.72 (0.25-2.04) | NS | 0.29 | 0.67 (0.15-2.91) | NS | 0.01 | 1.08 (0.31-3.77) | NS |
| Left Bundle Branch Block | 1.21 | 1.71 (0.66-4.44) | NS | 0.05 | 1.18 (0.27-5.15) | NS | 3.31 | 2.84 (0.92-8.74) | 0.07 |
| Right Bundle Branch Block | 0.23 | 0.70 (0.17-2.94) | NS | 0.28 | 1.49 (0.34-6.49) | NS | ** | ** | ** |
| Significant ST Changes | 1.61 | 1.72 (0.74-3.98) | NS | 0.06 | 0.83 (0.19-3.62) | NS | 3.05 | 2.55 (0.89-7.32) | 0.08 |
| Significant T Changes | 0.03 | 1.08 (0.47-2.49) | NS | 0.10 | 1.19 (0.39-3.62) | NS | 0.07 | 0.84 (0.24-2.94) | NS |
| Prolonged corrected QT Interval | 5.15 | 2.23 (1.12-4.47) | 0.02 | 1.42 | 1.76 (0.70-4.43) | NS | 4.58 | 2.99 (1.10-8.14) | 0.03 |
| CMR Variables of the LV | |||||||||
| LVEDD (mm) | 0.70 | 1.02 (0.98-1.06) | NS | 2.93 | 0.95 (0.90-1.01) | 0.09 | 8.32 | 1.08 (1.02-1.14) | <0.01 |
| LVEF (per 10%) | 2.59 | 0.84 (0.68-1.04) | NS | 0.04 | 1.03 (0.75-1.42) | NS | 5.3 | 0.71 (0.54-0.95) | 0.02 |
| LVEDVI (per 10 ml/m2) | 0.52 | 1.02 (0.97-1.07) | NS | 4.06 | 0.89 (0.80-1.00) | NS | 6.97 | 1.08 (1.02-1.13) | <0.01 |
| LVESVI (per 10 ml/m2) | 3.66 | 1.05 (1.00-1.10) | 0.06 | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.82-1.07) | NS | 10.35 | 1.09 (1.03-1.14) | 0.001 |
| LV Mass (gram) | 0.01 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | NS | 3.26 | 0.99 (0.98-1.00) | 0.07 | 1.71 | 1.00 (1.00-1.01) | NS |
| Segmental Wall Motion Abnormality | 1.18 | 1.49 (0.73-3.06) | NS | 0.66 | 1.49 (0.57-3.93) | NS | 0.17 | 1.24 (0.44-3.49) | NS |
| Abnormal LV LGE | 6.33 | 2.47 (1.22-5.00) | NS | 2.12 | 2.08 (0.78-5.59) | NS | 3.91 | 2.69 (1.01-7.18) | 0.05 |
| CMR Variables of the LA | |||||||||
| Anteroposterior LA Dimension (mm) | 4.64 | 1.05 (1.00-1.09) | 0.03 | 1.01 | 1.03 (0.97-1.10) | NS | 4.45 | 1.06 (1.00-1.12) | 0.03 |
| LAVmax (ml/m2) | 2.50 | 1.01 (1.00-1.03) | NS | 1.60 | 1.01 (0.99-1.04) | NS | 2.94 | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 0.09 |
| LAVac (ml/m2) | 3.16 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.08 | 2.79 | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 0.10 | 2.99 | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 0.08 |
| LAVmin (ml/m2) | 6.28 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.01 | 6.48 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.01 | 3.84 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.05 |
| LAEFPassive(per 10% reduction) | 0.47 | 1.12 (0.81-1.57) | NS | 0.39 | 1.16 (0.73-1.86) | NS | 0.46 | 1.17 (0.74-1.86) | NS |
| LAEFContractile(per 10% reduction) | 18.84 | 1.75 (1.36-2.24) | <0.0001 | 14.17 | 1.46 (1.20-1.77) | <0.001 | 6.94 | 1.35 (1.08-1.70) | <0.01 |
| LAEFTotal (per 10% reduction) | 10.91 | 1.45 (1.16-1.82) | <0.001 | 10.80 | 1.38 (1.14-1.68) | 0.001 | 5.05 | 1.29 (1.03-1.60) | 0.02 |
| Contractile/Passive ratio | 10.64 | 0.94 (0.91-0.98) | <0.001 | 1.47 | 0.88 (0.72-1.08) | NS | 11.9 | 0.93 (0.90-0.97) | <0.001 |
| Contractile/Total Ratio | 10.48 | 0.39 (0.24-0.64) | <0.001 | 8.75 | 0.21 (0.08-0.59) | <0.01 | 1.21 | 0.48 (0.13-1.77) | NS |
* Too Few Events for Analysis