Survival of the invA− mutant, invAcom revertant, and wild-type (WT) of L. interrogans strain Lai in hamsters. A, leptospires of the invA− mutant, invAcom revertant, and wild type in hamster monocytes for the indicated times. Blue: nucleus; green: cytoplasm; red: leptospires. B, statistical summary of fluorescence intensity (as in A) reflecting internalization levels of the invA− mutant, invAcom revertant, and wild type in hamster monocytes for the indicated times. 100 cells of each strain were analyzed to quantify the fluorescence signal intensity. *: p < 0.05 versus the wild type and invAcom revertant. C, leptospires in urine of hamsters infected with the invA− mutant, invAcom revertant, and wild-type (Fontana silver staining). D, counts of leptospires of the invA− mutant, invAcom revertant, and wild type in urine of hamsters at the indicated times. *: p < 0.05 versus the wild type and invAcom revertant.