Table 3.
Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses among psychiatric patients aged 2–12 years with a SUD by sex, race/ethnicity, and treatment setting (N=104)
| Ages 2–12 years Mean age1 |
Male N=79 10.5 yrs |
Female N=25 10.0 yrs |
White N=48 10.2 yrs |
Black N=47 10.8 yrs |
Inpatient N=30 10.3 yrs |
Outpatient N=74 10.5 yrs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comorbid diagnosis | %, 95% CI | %, 95% CI | %, 95% CI | %, 95% CI | %, 95% CI | %, 95% CI |
| Mood–any | 49.4, 38.1–60.6 | 80.0, 63.1–96.9 * | 64.6, 50.5–78.6 | 46.8, 32.0–61.6 | 66.2, 55.2–77.2 | 33.3, 15.4–51.2* |
| Anxiety–any | 32.9, 22.3–43.5 | 48.0, 26.9–69.0 | 47.9, 33.3–62.6 | 25.5, 12.6–38.5 | 36.5, 25.3–47.7 | 36.7, 18.4–55.0 |
| Conduct | 49.4, 38.1–60.6 | 52.0, 30.9–73.0 | 39.6, 25.2–53.9 | 66.0, 51.9–80.0 | 59.5, 48.0–70.9 | 26.7, 9.9–43.5* |
| Attention deficit hyperactive |
55.7, 44.5–66.9 | 48.0, 26.9–69.0 | 66.7, 52.8–80.5 | 46.8, 32.0–61.6 | 51.4, 39.7–63.0 | 60.0, 41.4–78.6 |
| Other childhood disruptive |
6.3, 0.8–11.8 | ---- | 8.3, 0.2–16.4 | 2.1, 0–6.4 | 5.4, 0.1–10.7 | 3.3, 0–10.2 |
| Relational problem | 17.7, 9.1–26.3 | 32.0, 12.3–51.6 | 12.5, 2.8–22.2 | 34.0, 20.0–48.1 | 27.0, 16.7–37.4 | 6.7, 0–16.1* |
| Adjustment | 29.1, 18.9–39.4 | 24.0, 6.0–42.0 | 33.3, 19.5–47.2 | 25.5, 12.6–38.5 | 31.1, 20.3–41.9 | 20.0, 4.8–35.2 |
| Eating | 1.3, 0–3.8 | ---- | ---- | 1.4, 0–4.0 | ---- | |
| Impulse-control | 11.4, 4.2–18.6 | ---- | 4.2, 0–10.0 | 12.8, 2.9–22.7 | 12.2, 4.5–19.8 | ---- |
| Learning | 8.9, 2.5–15.3 | 4.0, 0–12.2 | 10.4, 1.5–19.4 | 6.4, 0–13.6 | 6.8, 0.9–12.6 | 10.0, 0–21.4 |
| Mental retardation | 2.5, 0–6.1 | 8.0, 0–19.4 | 2.1, 0–6.3 | 6.4, 0–13.6 | 5.4, 0.1–10.7 | ---- |
| Psychotic | 7.6, 1.6–13.6 | 4.0, 0–12.2 | 6.3, 0–13.4 | 8.5, 0.2–16.8 | 9.5, 2.6–16.3 | ---- |
| Personality–any | 1.3, 0–3.8 | 4.0, 0–12.2 | ---- | 4.3, 0–10.2 | 2.7, 0–6.5 | ---- |
| Number of diagnoses2 | ||||||
| 0 (SUD only) | 6.3, 0.8–11.8 | 4.2, 0–10.0 | 6.4, 0–13.6 | 2.7, 0–6.5 | 10.0, 0–21.4 | |
| 1 | 15.2, 7.1–23.3 | 12.0, 0–25.6 | 10.4, 1.5–19.4 | 12.8, 2.9–22.7 | 9.5, 2.6–16.3 | 26.7, 9.9–43.5 |
| 2+ | 78.5, 69.2–87.7 | 88.0, 74.3–100 | 85.4, 75.1–95.8 | 80.9, 69.2–92.5 | 87.8, 80.2–95.5 | 63.3, 45.0–81.6 |
CI: confidence interval; SUD: substance use disorder; ----: a zero cell.
1
Mean age (years) at first psychiatric visit.
2
Number of comorbid diagnoses included: any mood, conduct, attention deficit hyperactive, relational, any anxiety, adjustment, psychotic or schizophrenia, eating, impulse-control, any personality, learning, mental retardation, and other childhood disruptive diagnoses.
*
P<0.05 between two groups by sex, race, or treatment setting status.