Table 1.
Effects of etanercept treatment on metabolic parameters, adipocytokines, inflammatory markers, and muscle attenuation
| Placebo (n = 28) | Etanercept (n = 28) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change from baseline | Baseline | Change from baseline | P | |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 91±3 | 8±6 | 97±5 | 4±6 | 0.61 |
| Insulin, µIU/ml | 12.6±1.5 | 1.2±1.7 | 16.8±2.4 | 0.6±1.7 | 0.81 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.9±0.4 | 0.9±0.7 | 4.2±0.7 | 0.2±0.5 | 0.47 |
| Leptin, ng/ml | 45.1±7.3 | −1.8±3.0 | 39.7±6.7 | −3.4±3.1 | 0.72 |
| Resistin, ng/ml | 14.2±1.0 | 1.2±0.7 | 15.0±1.2 | −0.6±0.7 | 0.06 |
| Total adiponectin (Linco), ng/ml | 7600±700 | −300±300 | 7000±700 | 800±400* | 0.02 |
| HMW adiponectin, ng/ml | 1256±174 | 97±68 | 1193±163 | 79±53 | 0.83 |
| HMW-to-total adiponectin ratio | 0.38±.03 | 0.06±.03* | 0.43±.03 | −0.02±.03 | 0.03 |
| Leg muscle attenuation, HU | 44.3±1.2 | 1.5±0.8 | 44.1±1.2 | −0.6±0.6 | 0.04 |
| VAT, cm2 | 201.9±13.4 | 0.2±7.0 | 213.8±15.0 | 2.7±5.1 | 0.76 |
| SAT, cm2 | 421.4±32.6 | 2.1±5.6 | 497.5±36.1 | −5.9±6.8 | 0.37 |
| Total fat by DEXA, kg | 38.0±2.1 | 0.1±0.2 | 40.7±2.8 | 0.0±0.2 | 0.66 |
| Total lean mass by DEXA, kg | 64.0±2.5 | −0.2±0.3 | 67.3±2.4 | −0.1±0.3 | 0.87 |
Results are reported as means ± SE; n, no. of subjects. HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HMW, high molecular weight; HU, Hounsfield units; VAT, visceral fat; SAT, subcutaneous area; DEXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Baseline comparisons all P > 0.05. International system of units conversion factors: for conversion from mg/dl to mmol/l for glucose, multiply by 0.0555; for conversion from µIU/ml to pmol/l for insulin, multiply by 6.945. P value reported for Student’s t-test comparing changes in the placebo vs. etanercept-treated group are shown.
Statistically significant change from baseline by paired t-test within placebo or etanercept-treated group.