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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Learn Disabil. 2010 Mar-Apr;43(2):108–121. doi: 10.1177/0022219409359342

Figure 1. Five-Factor Correlated Model with Complete Sample Standardized Estimates.

Figure 1

Note: TOWRE-PDE = Test of Word Reading Efficiency, Phonemic Decoding Efficiency; LSS = Letter-Sound Survey; WJR-WA = Woodcock–Johnson Tests of Achievement, Revised, Word Attack; WRAT3-R = Wide Range Achievement Test–Revision 3, Reading; WJR-LW = Woodcock–Johnson Tests of Achievement, Revised, Letter-Word Identification; DS = developmental spelling; WRAT3-S = Wide Range Achievement Test–Revision 3, Spelling; NWM = Nelson Word Meaning; PR = Passage Reading Test; TOWRE-SWE = Test of Word Reading Efficiency, Sight Word Efficiency; U = unique variances.