Table I.
Factors associated with baseline pain severitya.
| Baseline McGill total pelvic pain (n= 114) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor variables | LS mean | SE | β | P |
| Age | −0.19 | 0.02 | ||
| ≤30 (n= 38; 33%) | 22.10 | 1.36 | ||
| 31–39 (n= 40; 35%) | 18.87 | 1.33 | ||
| ≥40 (n = 36; 32%)b | 17.27 | 1.41 | ||
| Years of education | −0.21 | 0.01 | ||
| High school diploma or less (n = 34; 30%) | 20.78 | 1.36 | ||
| Some college (n = 32; 28%) | 24.04 | 1.40 | ||
| College degree or more (n = 48; 42%)c | 15.42 | 1.15 | ||
| # Prior pelvic surgeries | 0.16 | 0.05 | ||
| None (n = 23; 20%) | 19.36 | 1.77 | ||
| 1–2 (n = 59; 52%) | 17.73 | 1.12 | ||
| ≥3 (n = 32; 28%)d | 22.66 | 1.53 | ||
| Past PT treatment | 0.17 | 0.03 | ||
| Yes (n = 9; 8%) | 25.17 | 2.78 | ||
| No (n = 105; 92%) | 18.95 | 0.81 | ||
| Catastrophizing | 0.35 | <0.001 | ||
| Mild (n = 64; 56%) | 16.78 | 1.08 | ||
| Moderate (n = 37; 33%) | 21.80 | 1.42 | ||
| Severe (n = 13; 11%)e | 25.81 | 2.41 | ||
| R2= 0.35 | ||||
LS, least squared; SE, standard error; β, standardized beta coefficient showing the following: (i) the direction of the relationship and (ii) the amount in standard deviation units that the pain score changed for each unit of the predictor variable.
aTable shows the results of stepwise multiple regression analyses of pain at baseline predicted by demographic, clinical and psychological variables. Only those variables with P < 0.10 are in the final models. P values are based on the non-grouped variables. General linear models controlling for all variables were used to obtain least-squared means and standard errors. Continuous variables (age, years of education, # prior pelvic surgeries, catastrophizing) were grouped for the purposes of presentation and comparison.
bThose who were ≥40 years old had less pain at baseline than those aged younger than 30 years (P = 0.02).
cThose who had at least a college degree had less pain at baseline than those with some college (P < 0.001) or no more than a high school diploma (P = 0.004).
dThose who had undergone ≥3 past pelvic surgeries had more pain at baseline than those who had undergone 1–2 past pelvic surgeries (P = 0.01).
eThose who had severe catastrophizing had more pain at baseline than those with mild catastrophizing (P < 0.001).