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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Genet Psychol. 2007 Jun;168(2):105–129. doi: 10.3200/GNTP.168.2.105-130

TABLE 1.

Means and Standard Deviations for Empathy Components of Children Aged 19, 22, and 25 Months

Pooled samplea
 Girlsb
 Boysc
Age (months) M SD M SD M SD
Helping
19 1.25 0.34 1.23 0.33 1.27 0.35
22 1.26 0.34 1.27 0.34 1.25 0.35
25 1.38 0.44 1.38 0.43 1.38 0.46
Concern
19 1.53 0.36 1.58 0.35 1.48 0.37
22 1.54 0.35 1.55 0.35 1.53 0.35
1.57 0.36 1.59 0.35 1.53 0.36
Negative affect
19 1.25 0.37 1.25 0.38 1.25 0.37
22 1.17 0.30 1.15 0.26 1.19 0.34
25 1.16 0.30 1.14 0.28 1.17 0.33
Hypothesis testing
19 2.16 0.78 2.10 0.70 2.25 0.88
22 2.25 0.72 2.22 0.68 2.30 0.78
25 2.30 0.66 2.30 0.61 2.32 0.73

Note. Each cell represents subjects with complete data (used in repeated measures analysis of variance).

a

ns: helping = 276, concern = 261, negative affect = 264, hypothesis testing = 274.

b

ns: helping = 157, concern = 149, negative affect = 153, hypothesis testing = 156.

c

ns: helping = 119, concern = 112, negative affect = 111, hypothesis testing = 118.