Table 1.
Crude associations with antibodies against KSHV and sociodemographic and clinical risk factors among Ugandan women.
| Factor | Prevalence of women KSHV seropositive* | OR (95% CI) | P** |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| 14-19 years | 65% (288/443) | 1 | |
| 20-24 years | 62% (446/717) | 0.89 (0.70-1.14) | |
| 25-29 years | 56% (252/444) | 0.71(0.54-0.93) | |
| 30-34 years | 58% (125/216) | 0.74 (0.53-1.03) | |
| > = 35 years | 55% (52/94) | 0.67 (0.43-1.05) | 0.007 [trend] |
| Maternal education | |||
| None | 74% (50/68) | 1 | |
| Primary | 64% (617/960) | 0.65 (0.37-1.12) | |
| Senior | 59% (418/713) | 0.51 (0.29-0.89) | |
| Tertiary | 45% (76/169) | 0.29 (0.16-0.55) | <0.001 (trend) |
| Household SES*** | |||
| 1 (lowest) | 69% (75/109) | 1 | |
| 2 | 71% (112/158) | 1.10 (0.65-1.88) | |
| 3 | 64% 369/581) | 0.79 (0.51-1.22) | |
| 4 | 58% 310/531) | 0.64 (0.41-0.99) | |
| 5 | 57% (222/389) | 0.60 (0.38-0.95) | |
| 6 (highest) | 50% (55/111) | 0.45 (0.26-0.77) | <0.001 [trend] |
| HIV | |||
| Negative | 60% (1033/1721) | 1 | |
| Positive | 67% (130/193) | 1.38 (1.00-1.89) | 0.04 |
| Malaria parasites | |||
| No | 60% (1010/1697) | 1 | |
| Yes | 73% (135/185) | 1.84 (1.31-2.58) | <0.001 |
| Active syphilis | |||
| No | 61% 1110/1833) | 1 | |
| Yes | 68% (52/76) | 1.41 (0.86-2.31) | 0.25 |
| Hookworm | |||
| No | 56% (594/1070) | 1 | |
| Yes | 67% (562/836) | 1.64 (1.36-1.98) | <0.001 |
| Mansonella perstans | |||
| No | 59% (884/1508) | 1 | |
| Yes | 69% (277/402) | 1.55 (1.23-1.96) | <0.001 |
| Schistosoma mansoni | |||
| No | 61% (952/1568) | 1 | |
| Yes | 60% (204/338) | 1.0 (0.78-1.25) | 0.90 |
| Strongyloides stercoralis | |||
| No | 61% (1007/1665) | 1 | |
| Yes | 63% (144/230) | 1.10 (0.82-1.46) | 0.54 |
| Trichuris trichiura | |||
| No | 60% (1044/1739) | 1 | |
| Yes | 67% (112/167) | 1.36 (0.97-1.90) | 0.07 |
| Ascaris lumbricoides | |||
| No | 61% (1125/1859) | 1 | |
| Yes | 66% (31/47) | 1.27 (0.69-2.33) | 0.45 |
| Trichostrongylus species | |||
| No | 61% (1149/1887) | 1 | |
| Yes | 37% (7/19) | 0.38 (0.15-0.96) | 0.03 |
| Use of mosquito spray in the home | |||
| No | 62% (942/1510) | 1 | |
| Yes | 55% (219/400) | 0.73(0.58-0.90) | 0.005 |
| Use of bed net | |||
| No | 61% (574/952) | 1 | |
| Yes | 60% (587/959) | 1.04 (0.87-1.25) | 0.68 |
| Walk barefoot | |||
| Yes | 61% (925/1505) | 1 | |
| No | 58% (236/407) | 1.15 (0.92-1.44) | 0.20 |
* Individuals were considered KSHV positive if they had a positive ORF 73 and/or K8.1 ELISA. Participants were considered negative if both ELISAs were negative.
** All estimated using Chi-squared test except for Trichostrongylus species which was estimated using a Fishers exact test. All tests of statistical significance two sided.
*** Socio-economic status